rs587778616

Positions:

• chr7-5987531-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The ENST00000265849.12(PMS2):​c.1234A>G​(p.Lys412Glu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,461,882 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PMS2 ENST00000265849.12 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.57

Genes affected

PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.13359523).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PMS2	NM_000535.7	c.1234A>G	p.Lys412Glu	missense_variant	11/15	ENST00000265849.12	NP_000526.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PMS2	ENST00000265849.12	c.1234A>G	p.Lys412Glu	missense_variant	11/15	1	NM_000535.7	ENSP00000265849	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1461882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727242

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	May 24, 2024	The p.K412E variant (also known as c.1234A>G), located in coding exon 11 of the PMS2 gene, results from an A to G substitution at nucleotide position 1234. The lysine at codon 412 is replaced by glutamic acid, an amino acid with similar properties. This variant was identified in a cohort of 681 ancestrally diverse, healthy subjects (Bodian DL et al. PLoS One, 2014 Apr;9:e94554). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Feb 01, 2019	- -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Feb 02, 2016

This variant is denoted PMS2 c.1234A>G at the cDNA level, p.Lys412Glu (K412E) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Lysine to a Glutamic Acid (AAA>GAA). This variant was identified in 1/331 healthy European individuals undergoing whole genome sequencing (Bodian 2014). Of note, the participants in this study were younger than 50 years old, thus the unaffected status of this individual may not be significant. In addition, PMS2 Lys412Glu was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, suggesting it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Since Lysine and Glutamic Acid differ in polarity, charge, size or other properties, this is considered a non-conservative amino acid substitution. PMS2 Lys412Glu occurs at a position where amino acids with properties similar to Lysine are tolerated across species and is not located in a known functional domain (Guarne 2001, Fukui 2011). In silico analyses are inconsistent regarding the effect this variant may have on protein structure and function. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether PMS2 Lys412Glu is a pathogenic or benign variant. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance.. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jan 30, 2024

This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 412 of the PMS2 protein (p.Lys412Glu). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PMS2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 135064). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PMS2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Lynch syndrome 4;C5436817:Mismatch repair cancer syndrome 4 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Apr 22, 2022

- -

not specified Other:1

not provided, no classification provided

reference population

ITMI

Sep 19, 2013

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.091
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.039	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.29
CADD	Benign	17
DANN	Benign	0.86
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.074	T;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Benign	-0.0032
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.0027
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.93	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.76	T;T;.;T;.
M_CAP	Benign	0.028	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.13	T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.12	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.0	M;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	0.97	D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Benign	0.34	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.1	N;N;.;.;.
REVEL	Benign	0.18
Sift	Benign	0.26	T;T;.;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.59	T;T;.;.;.
Polyphen		0.91	P;D;.;.;D
Vest4		0.50
MutPred		0.32		Loss of ubiquitination at K412 (P = 9e-04);.;.;.;.;
MVP		0.67
MPC		0.23
ClinPred		0.28	T
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.12
gMVP		0.44

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587778616; hg19: chr7-6027162; COSMIC: COSV56225171;