rs587779108

Variant names:

• chr2-47471063-G-A
• rs587779108
• NM_000251.3:c.1759+1G>A

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr2-47471063-G-A
• chr2-47471063-G-C
• chr2-47471063-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):​c.1759+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.22
• Publications: 4 publications found

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Lynch syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
• Lynch syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics
• Muir-Torre syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Orphanet, G2P
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: ClinGen, Orphanet
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• malignant pancreatic neoplasm

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• prostate cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• rhabdomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• breast cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-47471063-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47471063-G-A is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 90766.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.1759+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 11 of 15	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.1759+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 11 of 15	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0;AS_VQSR AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1267136 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 20 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 640454

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 29654

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44410

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 24848

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 38628

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 82040

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53248

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5208

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 935216

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53884

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000161 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:3

Jun 26, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant disrupts a canonical splice-donor site and interferes with normal MSH2 mRNA splicing. In the published literature, this variant has been reported in individuals with colorectal cancer (PMID: 28944238 (2017)) and epithelial ovarian cancer (PMID: 24728189 (2014)). This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -

Jun 04, 2019

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Dec 10, 2020

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

PVS1, PM2 -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2

Apr 09, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.1759+1G>A intronic pathogenic mutation results from a G to A substitution one nucleotide after coding exon 11 of the MSH2 gene. This mutation has been detected in multiple individuals with hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer/Lynch syndrome; several whose tumors demonstrated loss of MSH2 and MSH6 staining by immunohistochemistry (Ambry internal data). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice donor site; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). Alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is classified as a disease-causing mutation. -

Mar 25, 2020

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant causes a G to A nucleotide substitution at the +1 position of intron 11 of the MSH2 gene. Splice site prediction tools predict that this variant may have a significant impact on RNA splicing. Although this prediction has not been confirmed in published RNA studies, this variant is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with colorectal cancer (PMID: 28874130, 28944238). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer Pathogenic:1

Mar 20, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: MSH2 c.1759+1G>A is located in a canonical splice-site and is predicted to affect mRNA splicing resulting in a significantly altered protein due to either exon skipping, shortening, or inclusion of intronic material. Several computational tools predict a significant impact on normal splicing: Four predict the variant abolishes a 5 splicing donor site. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant was absent in 245802 control chromosomes (gnomAD). This variant has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Lynch Syndrome (Song_2014, Rossi_2017, DeRycke_2017). These data indicate that the variant may be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two ClinVar submissions from clinical diagnostic laboratories (evaluation after 2014) cites the variant as likely pathogenic/pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Lynch syndrome 1 Pathogenic:1

Jun 24, 2021

Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Jun 21, 2019

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method: curation

Interrupts canonical donor splice site -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Sep 25, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 11 of the MSH2 gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in MSH2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15849733, 24362816). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with clinical features of Lynch syndrome (PMID: 11772966, 24728189, 28944238; internal data). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. Invitae Evidence Modeling of clinical and family history, age, sex, and reported ancestry of multiple individuals with this MSH2 variant has been performed. This variant is expected to be pathogenic with a positive predictive value of at least 99%. This is a validated machine learning model that incorporates the clinical features of 1,370,736 individuals referred to our laboratory for MSH2 testing. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 90766). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.41
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.2
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.1
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
PhyloP100		9.2
GERP RS		5.5
Mutation Taster		=1/99	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.94
SpliceAI score (max)		1.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		1.0		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587779108; hg19: chr2-47698202;