rs587781840

chr16-23623000-CT-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.2964del(p.Val989Ter) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,461,878 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. Q988Q) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:10
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.176

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

(HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 16-23623000-CT-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr16-23623000-CT-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 141560.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.2964del	p.Val989Ter	frameshift_variant	9/13	ENST00000261584.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.2964del	p.Val989Ter	frameshift_variant	9/13	1	NM_024675.4	P1
	ENST00000561764.1	n.420-898del		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1461878 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727238

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000671

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:10

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Jun 18, 2021	The c.2964delA pathogenic mutation (also known as p.V989*), located in coding exon 9 of the PALB2 gene, results from a deletion of one nucleotide at nucleotide position 2964. This changes the amino acid from a valine to a stop codon within coding exon 9. This mutation has been detected in multiple individuals with a personal and/or family history of breast cancer (Adaniel C et al. J Glob Oncol, 2019 05;5:1-14; Ramírez-Calvo M et al. Hered Cancer Clin Pract, 2019 Jan;17:3; Dorling et al. N Engl J Med. 2021 02;384:428-439). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	Jul 02, 2018	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Aug 31, 2023	This variant deletes 1 nucleotide in exon 9 of the PALB2 gene, creating a frameshift and premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals and families affected with breast and ovarian cancer (PMID: 27907908, 28152038, 30675318, 31125277, 33471991; Leiden Open Variation Database DB-ID PALB2_010810; Color internal data). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of PALB2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

Familial cancer of breast Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 08, 2024	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Val989*) in the PALB2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PALB2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17200668, 17200671, 17200672, 24136930, 25099575). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PALB2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 141560). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Jan 13, 2023	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Sep 14, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a termination codon and is predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Aug 28, 2023	Nonsense variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28152038, 31125277, 30675318, 33471991, 35451682, 35610400) -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Oct 24, 2022	This nonsense variant causes the premature termination of PALB2 protein synthesis. This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the published literature, the variant has been reported in individuals with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (PMID: 30675318 (2019), 31125277 (2019), 33471991 (2021), https://databases.lovd.nl/shared/variants/PALB2). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -

Familial cancer of breast;C1835817:Fanconi anemia complementation group N;C3150547:Pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 3 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Jan 29, 2022

- -

Breast cancer, susceptibility to Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Jan 04, 2016

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.19		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs587781840; hg19: chr16-23634321;