rs606231218

chr11-5226936-A-AGchr11-5226936-AG-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000518.5(HBB):c.85_86insC(p.Leu29ProfsTer16) variant causes a frameshift change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,018 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. L29L) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: HBB NM_000518.5 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.72

Genes affected

HBB (HGNC:4827): (hemoglobin subunit beta) The alpha (HBA) and beta (HBB) loci determine the structure of the 2 types of polypeptide chains in adult hemoglobin, Hb A. The normal adult hemoglobin tetramer consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains. Mutant beta globin causes sickle cell anemia. Absence of beta chain causes beta-zero-thalassemia. Reduced amounts of detectable beta globin causes beta-plus-thalassemia. The order of the genes in the beta-globin cluster is 5'-epsilon -- gamma-G -- gamma-A -- delta -- beta--3'. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant located near the start codon (<100nt), not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 296 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 11-5226936-A-AG is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-5226936-A-AG is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 15432.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
HBB	NM_000518.5	c.85_86insC	p.Leu29ProfsTer16	frameshift_variant	1/3	ENST00000335295.4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
HBB	ENST00000335295.4	c.85_86insC	p.Leu29ProfsTer16	frameshift_variant	1/3	1	NM_000518.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461018 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 726890

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

beta Thalassemia Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	curation	The ITHANET community portal, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics	Nov 25, 2019	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Natera, Inc.	Mar 17, 2017	- -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	literature only	Counsyl	Nov 06, 2014	- -

not provided Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Jul 01, 2021	The HBB c.85dup (p.Leu29Profs*16) pathogenic variant is a frameshift mutation that causes the premature termination of beta globin protein synthesis and is associated with beta-zero-thalassemia (PMID: 2014803 (1991)). -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 05, 2024	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Leu29Profs*16) in the HBB gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in HBB are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 23637309). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with beta thalassaemia (PMID: 1850955, 2014803). This variant is also known as 27-28insC. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 15432). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories	Sep 04, 2023	The HBB c.85dup; p.Leu29ProfsTer16 variant (also known as Codons 27/28 (+C), rs35532010, HbVar ID: 810) is reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with beta-thalassemia major in the compound heterozygous state with another pathogenic HBB variant (Lin 1991, Liu 2011, HbVar and references therein). The p.Leu29ProfsTer16 variant has also been described in beta-thalassemia minor patients without additional reported variants (Liu 2011, HbVar and references therein). This variant is reported as pathogenic/likely pathogenic by several laboratories in ClinVar (Variation ID: 15432), and it is absent the Genome Aggregation Database, indicating it is not a common polymorphism. This variant causes a frameshift by inserting a single nucleotide, so it is predicted to result in a truncated protein or mRNA subject to nonsense-mediated decay. Based on available information, the p.Leu29ProfsTer16 variant is considered to be pathogenic. References: Link to HbVar database: https://globin.bx.psu.edu/hbvar/menu.html Lin LI et al. The spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in Taiwan: identification of a novel frameshift mutation. Am J Hum Genet. 1991 Apr;48(4):809-12. PMID: 2014803. Liu SC et al. Molecular lesion frequency of hemoglobin gene disorders in Taiwan. Hemoglobin. 2011;35(3):228-36. PMID: 21599435. -

Beta zero thalassemia Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Dec 12, 2017

- -

Hemoglobinopathy Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Apr 27, 2018

Variant summary: HBB c.85dupC (p.Leu29ProfsX16) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. The variant was absent in 277176 control chromosomes (gnomAD and publications). The variant, c.85dupC, has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Beta Thalassemia Major. These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Multiple ClinVar submissions from clinical diagnostic laboratories (evaluation after 2014) cites variant as "pathogenic." Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Hb SS disease Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

-

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs35532010; hg19: chr11-5248166;