rs61754634

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM2PP3_ModeratePP5

The NM_000175.5(GPI):c.671C>T(p.Thr224Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000112 in 1,614,164 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. T224T) has been classified as Benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000039 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000082 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GPI
NM_000175.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:5U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.57

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GPI (HGNC:4458): (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) This gene encodes a member of the glucose phosphate isomerase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. In the cytoplasm, the gene product functions as a glycolytic enzyme (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase) that interconverts glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate. Extracellularly, the encoded protein (also referred to as neuroleukin) functions as a neurotrophic factor that promotes survival of skeletal motor neurons and sensory neurons, and as a lymphokine that induces immunoglobulin secretion. The encoded protein is also referred to as autocrine motility factor based on an additional function as a tumor-secreted cytokine and angiogenic factor. Defects in this gene are the cause of nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia and a severe enzyme deficiency can be associated with hydrops fetalis, immediate neonatal death and neurological impairment. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

GPI Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hemolytic anemia due to glucophosphate isomerase deficiency
Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

GPI links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.899

PP5

Variant 19-34378971-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-34378971-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 13643.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GPI	NM_000175.5 link	c.671C>T	p.Thr224Met	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 18	ENST00000356487.11	NP_000166.2	P06744-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GPI	ENST00000356487.11 link	c.671C>T	p.Thr224Met	missense_variant	Exon 7 of 18	1	NM_000175.5	ENSP00000348877.3		P06744-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000394

AC:

AN:

152190

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000145

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000199

AC:

AN:

251474

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000821

AC:

AN:

1461856

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000963

AC XY:

AN XY:

727240

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33478

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000504

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000116

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000187

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000360

AC:

AN:

1111978

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000331

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.450

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000394

AC:

AN:

152308

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

74482

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000144

AC:

AN:

41560

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15304

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5184

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10612

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68032

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.492

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000189

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000718

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000227

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000330

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:3Uncertain:1

Mar 23, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 8822954, 7989588, 9616041) -

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Classification criteria: PS4_Moderate, PM2_Supporting, PP3_Strong, PP1, PP4 -

Nov 24, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 224 of the GPI protein (p.Thr224Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs61754634, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with GPI deficiency (PMID: 7989588, 8822954). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 13643). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt GPI protein function. Experimental studies are conflicting or provide insufficient evidence to determine the effect of this variant on GPI function (PMID: 9616041). -

Aug 15, 2019

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PM1, PM2, PP3, PP4 -

Hemolytic anemia due to glucophosphate isomerase deficiency

Pathogenic:2Uncertain:1

Sep 15, 1996

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

Feb 23, 2023

3billion

Significance:Likely pathogenic

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The variant is observed at an extremely low frequency in the gnomAD v2.1.1 dataset (total allele frequency: 0.002%). Missense changes are a common disease-causing mechanism. In silico tool predictions suggest damaging effect of the variant on gene or gene product (REVEL: 0.85; 3Cnet: 0.65). Same nucleotide change resulting in same amino acid change has been previously reported to be associated with GPI related disorder (ClinVar ID: VCV000013643 / PMID: 7989588). The variant has been reported to co-segregate with the disease in at least one similarly affected relative/individual in the same family or similarly affected unrelated family (PMID: 8822954). Therefore, this variant is classified as Likely pathogenic according to the recommendation of ACMG/AMP guideline. -

May 23, 2023

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.25

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.28

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.45

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.92

.;.;D;.;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.90

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.88

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D;.;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.40

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.90

D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.97

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.1

.;.;M;.;M

PhyloP100

7.6

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.71

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.5

.;.;.;.;N

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.85

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

.;.;.;.;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

.;.;.;.;D

Polyphen

1.0

.;.;D;.;D

Vest4

0.88

MVP

0.99

MPC

1.3

ClinPred

0.95

GERP RS

5.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.74

gMVP

0.73

Mutation Taster

=3/97

disease causing (ClinVar)

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

Splicevardb

2.0

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over