rs63750440

Positions:

• chr2-47799065-G-A
• chr2-47799065-G-C
• chr2-47799065-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points: 2P and 3B. PM1 BP4_Moderate BP6

The NM_000179.3(MSH6):​c.1082G>A​(p.Arg361His) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000198 in 1,461,804 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 14/20 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R361C) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000020 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MSH6 NM_000179.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:8 B:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.69

Genes affected

MSH6 (HGNC:7329): (mutS homolog 6) This gene encodes a member of the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. In E. coli, the MutS protein helps in the recognition of mismatched nucleotides prior to their repair. A highly conserved region of approximately 150 aa, called the Walker-A adenine nucleotide binding motif, exists in MutS homologs. The encoded protein heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form a mismatch recognition complex that functions as a bidirectional molecular switch that exchanges ADP and ATP as DNA mismatches are bound and dissociated. Mutations in this gene may be associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Transcripts variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

FBXO11 (HGNC:13590): (F-box protein 11) This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbxs class. It can function as an arginine methyltransferase that symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues, and it acts as an adaptor protein to mediate the neddylation of p53, which leads to the suppression of p53 function. This gene is known to be down-regulated in melanocytes from patients with vitiligo, a skin disorder that results in depigmentation. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media (COME/ROM), a hearing loss disorder, and the knockout of the homologous mouse gene results in the deaf mouse mutant Jeff (Jf), a single gene model of otitis media. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 10 benign, 17 uncertain in NM_000179.3
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.1785368).
• BP6: Variant 2-47799065-G-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47799065-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 89168.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Benign=1, Uncertain_significance=8, Likely_benign=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MSH6	NM_000179.3	c.1082G>A	p.Arg361His	missense_variant	4/10	ENST00000234420.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MSH6	ENST00000234420.11	c.1082G>A	p.Arg361His	missense_variant	4/10	1	NM_000179.3	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000159 AC: 4 AN: 251054 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000221 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 135680

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000544

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000176

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000198 AC: 29 AN: 1461804 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.0000138 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 727212

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000252

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000225

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000312 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

Asia WGS AF: 0.000577 AC: 2 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8 Benign:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 5 Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Aug 05, 2016	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 30, 2023	This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -

Lynch syndrome Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	University of Washington Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington	May 01, 2018	MSH6 NM_000179.2:c.1082G>A has a 48.2% probability of pathogenicity based on combining prior probability from public data with likelihood ratios of 1.56, 1.56, and 0.16 to 1, generated from evidence of seeing this as a somatic mutation in three independent tumors two without loss of heterozygosity and one with loss of heterozygosity at the MSH6 locus. See Shirts et al 2018, PMID 29887214. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health	Dec 01, 2023	This missense variant replaces arginine with histidine at codon 361 of the MSH6 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with hepatic carcinoma and gastric cancer (PMID: 17498565). This variant has also been identified in 4/251054 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not provided Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Jan 12, 2018	This variant is denoted MSH6 c.1082G>A at the cDNA level, p.Arg361His (R361H) at the protein level, and results in the change of an Arginine to a Histidine (CGC>CAC). This variant was observed in an individual with a personal history of hepatic and gastric cancer (Koehler 2007). MSH6 Arg361His was not observed at a significant allele frequency in large population cohorts (Lek 2016). MSH6 Arg361His is located in the nuclear localization signals region (Gassman 2011). In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether MSH6 Arg361His is a pathogenic or benign variant. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Sep 01, 2022	MSH6: PM2, BP4 -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1 Benign:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Mar 23, 2023	This missense variant replaces arginine with histidine at codon 361 of the MSH6 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with hepatic carcinoma and gastric cancer (PMID: 17498565). This variant has been identified in 4/251054 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Feb 01, 2024	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Endometrial carcinoma Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Sep 05, 2023

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Benign:1

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 18, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.077
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.13	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.25
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Benign	0.025
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.085
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.060	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.18	T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.49	T
MutationTaster	Benign	0.99	N;N;N;N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.32	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.12	T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.84	.;.;P;.;.
Vest4		0.18
MVP		0.91
ClinPred		0.35	T
GERP RS		4.1
Varity_R		0.053
gMVP		0.36

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs63750440; hg19: chr2-48026204; COSMIC: COSV52277030; COSMIC: COSV52277030;