rs63751070

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4_Moderate

The ENST00000458205.6(MLH1):c.-441T>G variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000013 in 1,456,842 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: not found (cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000013 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MLH1
ENST00000458205.6 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:10B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.08

Publications

11 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Lynch syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
Lynch syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
Muir-Torre syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Orphanet
mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen
Lynch syndrome 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
malignant pancreatic neoplasm
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
rhabdomyosarcoma
Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
prostate cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
breast cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

MLH1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.258475).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4 link	c.283T>G	p.Ser95Ala	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 19	ENST00000231790.8	NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8 link	c.283T>G	p.Ser95Ala	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 19	1	NM_000249.4	ENSP00000231790.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

Cov.:

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000796

AC:

AN:

251390

AF XY:

0.00000736

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000109

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000130

AC:

AN:

1456842

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000827

AC XY:

AN XY:

725182

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33372

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44716

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26096

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000379

AC:

AN:

39594

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86178

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53410

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5756

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000361

AC:

AN:

1107500

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60220

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.483

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

Cov.:

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:10Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:3

May 26, 2023

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 22290698, 21404117, 11342971, 26333163, 22753075, 31133068, 32566746, 31386297, 31470354, 29050249) -

Mar 01, 2023

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Aug 18, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In the published literature, this variant has been reported in individuals with colorectal cancer (PMID: 21404117 (2011)), gastric cancer (PMID: 29050249 (2017)), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (PMID: 31470354 (2019)), breast cancer (PMID: 35449176 (2021), see also LOVD (https://databases.lovd.nl/shared/variants/MLH1)), chronic pancreatitis (PMID: 35171259 (2022)), and an unspecified cancer (PMID: 31386297 (2019)). This variant is also reported in an unaffected individual (PMID: 35449176 (2021), see also LOVD (https://databases.lovd.nl/shared/variants/MLH1)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.000008 (2/251390 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:3

May 24, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces serine with alanine at codon 95 of the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with early onset colorectal cancer (PMID: 21404117), and in individuals affected with breast cancer (PMID: 33471991, 35449176), urothelial transitional cell carcinoma (PMID: 11342971), gastric cancer (PMID: 29050249), and biliary tract cancer (PMID: 36243179). This variant has been identified in 2/251390 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Feb 07, 2018

True Health Diagnostics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 26, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.S95A variant (also known as c.283T>G), located in coding exon 3 of the MLH1 gene, results from a T to G substitution at nucleotide position 283. The serine at codon 95 is replaced by alanine, an amino acid with similar properties. This variant has been reported in a German individual with colorectal cancer at age 42; tumor testing for this individual indicated an absence of the MLH1 and PMS2 proteins (Hardt K et al, Fam. Cancer 2011 Jun; 10(2):273-84). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2

Uncertain:2

Mar 15, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance as there is insufficient evidence to determine its impact on protein function and/or cancer risk. -

Sep 06, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1

Jun 09, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

Uncertain:1

May 01, 2019

Cancer Genomics Group, Japanese Foundation For Cancer Research

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:research

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Dec 17, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.058

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.00014

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

-0.010

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.87

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.40

Eigen

Benign

-0.53

Eigen_PC

Benign

-0.28

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.80

LIST_S2

Benign

0.81

M_CAP

Benign

0.050

MetaRNN

Benign

0.26

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.31

MutationAssessor

Benign

-0.34

PhyloP100

3.1

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.60

PROVEAN

Benign

-0.17

REVEL

Uncertain

0.49

Sift

Benign

0.64

Sift4G

Benign

1.0

Polyphen

0.0010

Vest4

0.47

MutPred

0.38

Loss of glycosylation at S95 (P = 0.0476);

MVP

0.91

MPC

0.058

ClinPred

0.081

GERP RS

3.4

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.054

gMVP

0.41

Mutation Taster

=260/40

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over