rs63751105

Positions:

• chr2-47478353-G-A
• chr2-47478353-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):​c.2292G>A​(p.Trp764*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.55

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-47478353-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47478353-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 90949.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr2-47478353-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr2-47478353-G-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.2292G>A	p.Trp764*	stop_gained	14/16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.2292G>A	p.Trp764*	stop_gained	14/16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Mar 14, 2022	This variant changes 1 nucleotide in exon 14 of the MSH2 gene, creating a premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 15945244, 16736289, 16810763). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH2 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Oct 14, 2020	The p.W764* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.2292G>A), located in coding exon 14 of the MSH2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 2292. This changes the amino acid from a tryptophan to a stop codon within coding exon 14. This mutation, designated as p.W764X, has been reported in patients from various ethnicities who meet Amsterdam criteria (Czakó L et al. Orv Hetil, 2005 May;146:1009-16; Spaepen M et al. Fam Cancer, 2006;5:179-89; Wang XL et al. World J Gastroenterol, 2006 Jul;12:4074-7). A similar alteration (c.2291G>A) resulting in the same premature stop codon (designated p.Trp764X) as been reported in an individual with the Muir-Torre variant of Lynch syndrome whose colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma both demonstrated high microsatellite instability and MSH2-/MSH6- by IHC (Casper M et al. Scand J Gastroenterol, 2013 Mar;48:344-51). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -

Lynch syndrome Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, reviewed by expert panel

research

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Sep 05, 2013

Coding sequence variation introducing premature termination codon -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 16, 2022

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 90949). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 15945244, 16736289, 16810763). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Trp764*) in the MSH2 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MSH2 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 15849733, 24362816). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.65
CADD	Pathogenic	46
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.87
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.73
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
Vest4		0.93
GERP RS		4.1
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs63751105; hg19: chr2-47705492;