rs72552323

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM1PM5PP3_Moderate

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.479T>G(p.Ile160Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000434 in 1,613,994 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I160M) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1U:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.65

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 4 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 17 uncertain in NM_007194.4

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr22-28725089-TA-TTT is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.929

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.479T>G	p.Ile160Arg	missense_variant	4/15	ENST00000404276.6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 linkuse as main transcript	c.479T>G	p.Ile160Arg	missense_variant	4/15	1	NM_007194.4	P2	O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152168

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000656

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000159

AC:

AN:

251410

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

135892

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000116

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000410

AC:

AN:

1461826

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

727212

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000134

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152168

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

74332

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000656

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000113

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:8

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Feb 16, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 28, 2024	This sequence change replaces isoleucine, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 160 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Ile160Arg). This variant is present in population databases (rs72552323, gnomAD 0.01%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CHEK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 128076). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects CHEK2 function (PMID: 30851065). RNA analysis performed to evaluate the impact of this missense change on mRNA splicing indicates it does not significantly alter splicing (Invitae). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Jun 26, 2023	This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant is strongly associated with more severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals with pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Feb 02, 2023	Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Observed in an individual with breast cancer (Weitzel et al., 2019); Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect: variant showed a growth rate in response to DNA damage similar to the known pathogenic variant c.1100delC (Delimitsou et al., 2019); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 19782031, 22419737, 30851065, 31206626) -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Jan 17, 2023	The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.00012 (4/34592 chromosomes, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), is uninformative in assessment of its pathogenicity. In the published literature, the variant has been reported in an unaffected control and in an individual with breast cancer (PMID: 31206626 (2019)). One functional study demonstrated that this variant may be damaging to protein stability and structure, however additional studies are needed to determine the conclusive effect of this variant on gene or gene product (PMID: 30851065 (2019)). Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is damaging. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Aug 21, 2023	The p.I160R variant (also known as c.479T>G), located in coding exon 3 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a T to G substitution at nucleotide position 479. The isoleucine at codon 160 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration has been identified in an individual diagnosed with breast cancer (Weitzel JN et al. Cancer, 2019 08;125:2829-2836). This alteration behaved as non-functional in an in vivo, yeast-based growth rate assay (Delimitsou A et al. Hum Mutat, 2019 05;40:631-648). This alteration was also reported as functionally impaired in a study assessing CHEK2-complementation through quantification of KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells (Stolarova L et al. Clin Cancer Res, 2023 Aug;29:3037-3050). This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Jun 02, 2021	This missense variant replaces isoleucine with arginine at codon 160 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). Experimental studies have shown this variant to be deleterious in yeast-based DNA damage repair assays (PMID 30851065). This variant has been reported in individuals affected with breast cancer in the literature (PMID: 25629968). This variant has been identified in 4/251410 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Jan 07, 2020

This variant was determined to be of uncertain significance according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. -

Predisposition to cancer

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Nov 13, 2023

The CHEK2 c.479T>G (p.Ile160Arg) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.012% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/22-29115403-G-C). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a deleterious effect on protein function, and an in vivo yeast-based growth assay indicated that this variant behaved as non-functional (PMID: 30851065). This variant has been reported in an individual diagnosed with breast cancer (PMID: 31206626). It is absent in a database of women older than 70 years of age who have never had cancer (FLOSSIES, https://whi.color.com/).In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

1.0

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.19

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.26

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.65

D;.;D;D;.;D;.;.;D;.;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.89

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.83

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.89

.;D;.;.;D;D;.;D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.12

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.93

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.6

H;H;H;H;.;H;H;.;.;.;.

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.68

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-5.4

D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;.;.;.

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.91

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.017

D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;D;.;.

Polyphen

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.74

MutPred

0.79

Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0298);

MVP

0.99

MPC

0.18

ClinPred

0.99

GERP RS

5.9

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.99

gMVP

0.88

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.050

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over