rs74315271

chr22-50627004-C-Achr22-50627004-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000487.6(ARSA):c.514G>T(p.Gly172Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000274 in 1,459,196 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G172S) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ARSA NM_000487.6 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.47

Genes affected

ARSA (HGNC:713): (arylsulfatase A) The protein encoded by this gene hydrolyzes cerebroside sulfate to cerebroside and sulfate. Defects in this gene lead to metachromatic leucodystrophy (MLD), a progressive demyelination disease which results in a variety of neurological symptoms and ultimately death. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_000487.6
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr22-50627004-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.947
• PP5: Variant 22-50627004-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-50627004-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 2915377.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
ARSA	NM_000487.6	c.514G>T	p.Gly172Cys	missense_variant	3/8	ENST00000216124.10

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
ARSA	ENST00000216124.10	c.514G>T	p.Gly172Cys	missense_variant	3/8	1	NM_000487.6	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000163 AC: 4 AN: 244662 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000750 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 133358

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000220

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000274 AC: 4 AN: 1459196 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000276 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 725712

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.000101

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.00000756

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Metachromatic leukodystrophy Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Jan 14, 2024

This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 172 of the ARSA protein (p.Gly172Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs74315271, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with metachromatic leukodystrophy (PMID: 36324388). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt ARSA protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.27	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.44
Cadd	Uncertain	25
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.39	T;T;T;.;T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.41
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.29
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.94	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.42	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.61	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.6	D;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.74
Sift	Benign	0.11	T;T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.064	T;T;T;D;T
Vest4		0.80
MVP		1.0
ClinPred		0.87	D
GERP RS		5.2
gMVP		0.93

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.18		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs74315271; hg19: chr22-51065432;