rs74315458

Positions:

• chr22-50627374-C-A
• chr22-50627374-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_001085428.3(ARSA):​c.-2G>T variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000689 in 1,452,348 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.9e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ARSA NM_001085428.3 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:1 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.91

Genes affected

ARSA (HGNC:713): (arylsulfatase A) The protein encoded by this gene hydrolyzes cerebroside sulfate to cerebroside and sulfate. Defects in this gene lead to metachromatic leucodystrophy (MLD), a progressive demyelination disease which results in a variety of neurological symptoms and ultimately death. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2010]

ARSA (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 7 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.98
• PP5: Variant 22-50627374-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-50627374-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 556866.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Uncertain_significance=1, Likely_pathogenic=1}. Variant chr22-50627374-C-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ARSA	NM_000487.6	c.257G>T	p.Arg86Leu	missense_variant	2/8	ENST00000216124.10	NP_000478.3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ARSA	ENST00000216124.10	c.257G>T	p.Arg86Leu	missense_variant	2/8	1	NM_000487.6	ENSP00000216124.5

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.89e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1452348 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000139 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 721980

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 9.01e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Metachromatic leukodystrophy Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Sep 24, 2024	Variant summary: ARSA c.257G>T (p.Arg86Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of four in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 225598 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.257G>T has been reported in the literature in an individual affected with Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (Luzi_2013). Other variants affecting the same codon have been classified as pathogenic by our lab (c.256C>T/p.Arg86Trp, c.257G>A/p.Arg86Gln), supporting the critical relevance of codon 86 to ARSA protein function. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publication has been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 24001781). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 556866). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Feb 21, 2018	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.53	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.53
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.45	T;T;T;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.74
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.60
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	.;.;.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.53	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.70	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.7	D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.94
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0040	D;D;D;D
Vest4		0.99
MVP		0.96
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.0
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs74315458; hg19: chr22-51065802; COSMIC: COSV53349896; COSMIC: COSV53349896;