rs746008445

Positions:

• chr11-68684978-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_015973.5(GAL):​c.55T>C​(p.Ser19Pro) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000206 in 1,454,378 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GAL NM_015973.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.882

Genes affected

GAL (HGNC:4114): (galanin and GMAP prepropeptide) This gene encodes a neuroendocrine peptide that is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and also the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal gland and urogenital tract. The encoded protein is a precursor that is proteolytically processed to generate two mature peptides: galanin and galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP). Galanin has diverse physiological functions including nociception, feeding and energy homeostasis, osmotic regulation and water balance. GMAP has been demonstrated to possess antifungal activity and hypothesized to be part of the innate immune system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

LOC107984343 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.15089849).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GAL	NM_015973.5	c.55T>C	p.Ser19Pro	missense_variant	2/6	ENST00000265643.4	NP_057057.2
LOC107984343	XR_001748281.1	n.230+2863A>G		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GAL	ENST00000265643.4	c.55T>C	p.Ser19Pro	missense_variant	2/6	1	NM_015973.5	ENSP00000265643	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000206 AC: 3 AN: 1454378 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 723108

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000271

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ExAC AF: 0.0000166 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 8 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Sep 14, 2018

In summary, this variant is a novel missense change that is not predicted to affect protein function. There is no indication that it causes disease, but the available evidence is currently insufficient to prove that conclusively. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function output the following: (SIFT: "Tolerated"; PolyPhen-2: "Possibly Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). The proline amino acid residue is found in multiple mammalian species, suggesting that this missense change does not adversely affect protein function. These predictions have not been confirmed by published functional studies. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency) and has not been reported in the literature in individuals with a GAL-related disease. This sequence change replaces serine with proline at codon 19 of the GAL protein (p.Ser19Pro). The serine residue is moderately conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between serine and proline. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.083
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.17	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.48
CADD	Benign	12
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.45	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.94
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.059	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.50	T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.093	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.15	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.98	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.63	N
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.77	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.4	N
REVEL	Benign	0.036
Sift	Uncertain	0.0050	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0080	D
Polyphen		0.017	B
Vest4		0.28
MutPred		0.28		Loss of phosphorylation at S19 (P = 0.0607);
MVP		0.46
MPC		0.57
ClinPred		0.33	T
GERP RS		1.9
Varity_R		0.26
gMVP		0.54

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs746008445; hg19: chr11-68452446;