rs746174328

Variant names:

• chr4-16009071-GAT-G
• rs746174328
• NM_006017.3:c.1177_1178delAT

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PVS1 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_006017.3(PROM1):​c.1177_1178delAT​(p.Ile393ArgfsTer21) variant causes a frameshift change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000013 in 1,459,992 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000013 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PROM1 NM_006017.3 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.62

Genes affected

PROM1 (HGNC:9454): (prominin 1) This gene encodes a pentaspan transmembrane glycoprotein. The protein localizes to membrane protrusions and is often expressed on adult stem cells, where it is thought to function in maintaining stem cell properties by suppressing differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been shown to result in retinitis pigmentosa and Stargardt disease. Expression of this gene is also associated with several types of cancer. This gene is expressed from at least five alternative promoters that are expressed in a tissue-dependent manner. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PP5: Variant 4-16009071-GAT-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr4-16009071-GAT-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 208605.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr4-16009071-GAT-G is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic]. Variant chr4-16009071-GAT-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PROM1	NM_006017.3	c.1177_1178delAT	p.Ile393ArgfsTer21	frameshift_variant	Exon 12 of 28	ENST00000447510.7	NP_006008.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PROM1	ENST00000447510.7	c.1177_1178delAT	p.Ile393ArgfsTer21	frameshift_variant	Exon 12 of 28	1	NM_006017.3	ENSP00000415481.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000121 AC: 3 AN: 248822 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000741 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 134992

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000177

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000166

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000130 AC: 19 AN: 1459992 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000165 AC XY: 12 AN XY: 726342

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000162

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

EpiCase AF: 0.00

EpiControl AF: 0.0000594

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:2

Jun 17, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ile393Argfs*21) in the PROM1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in PROM1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17605048, 19718270, 24154662, 25474345). This variant is present in population databases (rs746174328, gnomAD 0.003%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy (PMID: 28041643). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 208605). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Apr 07, 2022

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease; Observed with a second PROM1 variant in an individual with cone rod dystrophy in published literature (Carss et al., 2017), although the phase of the two variants was not confirmed; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31589614, 31129250, 32581362, 28041643) -

Retinal dystrophy Pathogenic:2

Jan 01, 2015

NIHR Bioresource Rare Diseases, University of Cambridge

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Jan 01, 2021

Institute of Human Genetics, Univ. Regensburg, Univ. Regensburg

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Retinitis pigmentosa 41 Pathogenic:1

Jan 20, 2015

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Ile393ArgfsX21 variant in PROM1 has not been reported in the literature but has been identified in 2/65086 of European (Non-Finnish) chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org). Although this variant has been seen in the general population, its frequency is low enough to be consistent with a recessive carrier frequency. This variant is predicted to cause a frameshift, which alters the protein’s amino acid sequence beginning at position 393 and leads to a premature termination codon 21 amino acids downstream. This alteration is then predicted to lead to a truncated or absent protein. Complete loss of PROM1 function is an established disease mechanism in retinitis pigmentosa. In summary, this variant meets our criteria to be classified as pathogenic for retinitis pigmentosa in an autosomal recessive manner (http://www.partners.org/personalizedmedicince/LMM) based upon the predicted impact to the protein. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs746174328; hg19: chr4-16010694;