rs747868017
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Variant summary
Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points: 14P and 0B. PVS1_StrongPM2PP5_Very_Strong
The NM_014363.6(SACS):c.13132C>T(p.Arg4378Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000479 in 1,461,700 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).
Frequency
Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )
Consequence
SACS
NM_014363.6 stop_gained
NM_014363.6 stop_gained
Scores
2
3
2
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 2.09
Genes affected
SACS (HGNC:10519): (sacsin molecular chaperone) This gene encodes the sacsin protein, which includes a UbL domain at the N-terminus, a DnaJ domain, and a HEPN domain at the C-terminus. The gene is highly expressed in the central nervous system, also found in skin, skeletal muscles and at low levels in the pancreas. This gene includes a very large exon spanning more than 12.8 kb. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by early-onset cerebellar ataxia with spasticity and peripheral neuropathy. The authors of a publication on the effects of siRNA-mediated sacsin knockdown concluded that sacsin protects against mutant ataxin-1 and suggest that "the large multi-domain sacsin protein is able to recruit Hsp70 chaperone action and has the potential to regulate the effects of other ataxia proteins" (Parfitt et al., PubMed: 19208651). A pseudogene associated with this gene is located on chromosome 11. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, May 2013]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 14 ACMG points.
PVS1
Loss of function variant, product does not undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Variant is located in the 3'-most exon, not predicted to undergo nonsense mediated mRNA decay. There are 9 pathogenic variants in the truncated region.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 13-23330744-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr13-23330744-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 370756.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr13-23330744-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | Protein | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SACS | NM_014363.6 | c.13132C>T | p.Arg4378Ter | stop_gained | 10/10 | ENST00000382292.9 | NP_055178.3 |
Ensembl
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Protein | Appris | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SACS | ENST00000382292.9 | c.13132C>T | p.Arg4378Ter | stop_gained | 10/10 | 5 | NM_014363.6 | ENSP00000371729 | P1 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32
GnomAD3 genomes
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GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1AN: 251308Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1AN XY: 135834
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GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000479 AC: 7AN: 1461700Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3AN XY: 727134
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GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32
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ClinVar
Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic
Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
Charlevoix-Saguenay spastic ataxia Pathogenic:3
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Counsyl | Apr 12, 2016 | - - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | 3billion | May 22, 2022 | The variant is observed at an extremely low frequency in the gnomAD v2.1.1 dataset (total allele frequency: <0.001%). Stop-gained (nonsense): predicted to result in a loss or disruption of normal protein function through protein truncation. The predicted truncated protein may be shortened by less than 10%. The variant has been reported to be in trans with a pathogenic variant as either compound heterozygous or homozygous in at least 2 similarly affected unrelated individuals (PMID: 30638817). The variant has been reported to be associated with SACS related disorder (ClinVar ID: VCV000370756 / PMID: 20852969). Therefore, this variant is classified as likely pathogenic according to the recommendation of ACMG/AMP guideline. - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | research | PROSPAX: an integrated multimodal progression chart in spastic ataxias, Center for Neurology; Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research | Jan 01, 2022 | - - |
Spastic paraplegia Pathogenic:1
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp | May 07, 2023 | This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg4378*) in the SACS gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 202 amino acid(s) of the SACS protein. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts a region of the SACS protein in which other variant(s) (p.Tyr4538*) have been determined to be pathogenic (Invitae). This suggests that this is a clinically significant region of the protein, and that variants that disrupt it are likely to be disease-causing. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 370756). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (PMID: 20852969, 30638817). This variant is present in population databases (rs747868017, gnomAD 0.0009%). - |
Computational scores
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Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Pathogenic
CADD
Pathogenic
DANN
Uncertain
Eigen
Uncertain
Eigen_PC
Benign
FATHMM_MKL
Uncertain
D
MutationTaster
Benign
D;D;D
Vest4
GERP RS
Splicing
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SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at