rs761117459

chr5-74689361-G-Achr5-74689361-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000521.4(HEXB):c.333G>A(p.Trp111Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000411 in 1,460,782 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000041 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: HEXB NM_000521.4 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.721

Genes affected

HEXB (HGNC:4879): (hexosaminidase subunit beta) Hexosaminidase B is the beta subunit of the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase that, together with the cofactor GM2 activator protein, catalyzes the degradation of the ganglioside GM2, and other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines. Beta-hexosaminidase is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, which are encoded by separate genes. Both beta-hexosaminidase alpha and beta subunits are members of family 20 of glycosyl hydrolases. Mutations in the alpha or beta subunit genes lead to an accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in neurons and neurodegenerative disorders termed the GM2 gangliosidoses. Beta subunit gene mutations lead to Sandhoff disease (GM2-gangliosidosis type II). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 5-74689361-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-74689361-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 557986.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
HEXB	NM_000521.4	c.333G>A	p.Trp111Ter	stop_gained	2/14	ENST00000261416.12
HEXB	NM_001292004.2	c.-343G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	2/14

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
HEXB	ENST00000261416.12	c.333G>A	p.Trp111Ter	stop_gained	2/14	1	NM_000521.4	P1
HEXB	ENST00000511181.5	c.-343G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	2/14	1
HEXB	ENST00000513079.5	n.398G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/6	2
HEXB	ENST00000515528.1	n.388G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	2/2	2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000795 AC: 2 AN: 251416 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135868

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.0000615

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000411 AC: 6 AN: 1460782 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 726704

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000897

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Sandhoff disease Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Foundation for Research in Genetics and Endocrinology, FRIGE's Institute of Human Genetics	Dec 26, 2022	A compound heterozygous status for the variant c.333G>A in Exon 2 of the HEXB gene was detected. The variants have not been reported in the 1000 genomes database and has a MAF of 0.0008% in the gnomAD database. The in-silico prediction is disease causing by Mutation Taster and DANN. In summary, the variant meets our criteria to be classified as pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Apr 24, 2022	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Trp111*) in the HEXB gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in HEXB are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 7550345, 18758829). This variant is present in population databases (rs761117459, gnomAD 0.007%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Sandhoff disease (PMID: 26582265). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 557986). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Apr 25, 2018	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.088	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.070
Cadd	Pathogenic	32
Dann	Uncertain	0.98
Eigen	Benign	0.15
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.22
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.068	N
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;N
Vest4		0.71
GERP RS		0.45

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs761117459; hg19: chr5-73985186;