rs761957837

chr9-6592871-G-Achr9-6592871-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points: 9P and 0B. PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5

The NM_000170.3(GLDC):c.1381C>T(p.Arg461Trp) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000103 in 1,461,338 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R461Q) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GLDC NM_000170.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:2 U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.40

Genes affected

GLDC (HGNC:4313): (glycine decarboxylase) Degradation of glycine is brought about by the glycine cleavage system, which is composed of four mitochondrial protein components: P protein (a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent glycine decarboxylase), H protein (a lipoic acid-containing protein), T protein (a tetrahydrofolate-requiring enzyme), and L protein (a lipoamide dehydrogenase). The protein encoded by this gene is the P protein, which binds to glycine and enables the methylamine group from glycine to be transferred to the T protein. Defects in this gene are a cause of nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH).[provided by RefSeq, Jan 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr9-6592870-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 56043.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.977
• PP5: Variant 9-6592871-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr9-6592871-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 552091.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=1, Pathogenic=1}. Variant chr9-6592871-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
GLDC	NM_000170.3	c.1381C>T	p.Arg461Trp	missense_variant	10/25	ENST00000321612.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GLDC	ENST00000321612.8	c.1381C>T	p.Arg461Trp	missense_variant	10/25	1	NM_000170.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000795 AC: 2 AN: 251424 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000147 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 135884

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000653

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000103 AC: 15 AN: 1461338 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000124 AC XY: 9 AN XY: 726996

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000580

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000899

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2 Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Non-ketotic hyperglycinemia Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	May 22, 2017	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jun 30, 2021	This sequence change replaces arginine with tryptophan at codon 461 of the GLDC protein (p.Arg461Trp). The arginine residue is highly conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between arginine and tryptophan. This variant is present in population databases (rs761957837, ExAC 0.01%). This variant has been observed in individual(s) with glycine encephalopathy (PMID: 27362913). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 552091). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GLDC protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this variant affects GLDC protein function (PMID: 28244183). This variant disrupts the p.Arg461 amino acid residue in GLDC. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 16601880, 26179960). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Athena Diagnostics

Oct 05, 2021

This variant appears to segregate with disease in at least one family (PMID: 26179960). Assessment of experimental evidence suggests this variant results in abnormal protein function (PMID: 28244183). Additionally, computational tools yielded predictions that this amino acid change may be damaging to the protein. This variant has been identified in an individual tested at Athena Diagnostics who has clinical features associated with this gene and has been previously reported in individuals with NKH (PMID: 26179960, 28244183). The frequency of this variant in the general population is consistent with pathogenicity (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org).This observation is not an independent occurrence and has been identified in the same individual by RCIGM, the other laboratory participating in the GEMINI study. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.51
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.39	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.50
Cadd	Pathogenic	32
Dann	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.81	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.70
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.63
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.91	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.29	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.6	M
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.52	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.9	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.92
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.98
MutPred		0.78		Loss of methylation at R461 (P = 0.0391);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.32
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.8
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.90

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.21		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.21		Position offset: -20

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs761957837; hg19: chr9-6592871; COSMIC: COSV58678266; COSMIC: COSV58678266;