rs768759374

Positions:

• chr2-73573255-CT-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001378454.1(ALMS1):​c.11382del​(p.Phe3794LeufsTer38) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000103 in 1,461,580 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. A3793A) has been classified as Likely benign. Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ALMS1 NM_001378454.1 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.11

Genes affected

ALMS1 (HGNC:428): (ALMS1 centrosome and basal body associated protein) This gene encodes a protein containing a large tandem-repeat domain as well as additional low complexity regions. The encoded protein functions in microtubule organization, particularly in the formation and maintanance of cilia. Mutations in this gene cause Alstrom syndrome. There is a pseudogene for this gene located adjacent in the same region of chromosome 2. Alternative splice variants have been described but their full length nature has not been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-73573255-CT-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-73573255-CT-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 551457.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr2-73573255-CT-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
ALMS1	NM_001378454.1	c.11382del	p.Phe3794LeufsTer38	frameshift_variant	16/23	ENST00000613296.6
ALMS1	NM_015120.4	c.11385del	p.Phe3795LeufsTer38	frameshift_variant	16/23

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
ALMS1	ENST00000613296.6	c.11382del	p.Phe3794LeufsTer38	frameshift_variant	16/23	1	NM_001378454.1	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000121 AC: 3 AN: 248776 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 134942

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000266

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000103 AC: 15 AN: 1461580 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000688 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 727044

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.0000187

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000117

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Alstrom syndrome Pathogenic:6

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics	Oct 02, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	May 31, 2022	Variant summary: ALMS1 c.11379delT/p.Phe3793LeufsX38 (also known as c.11385del/p.Phe3795fs in RefSeq) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.2e-05 in 248776 control chromosomes. c.11379delT has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Alstrom Syndrome With Dilated Cardiomyopathy or inherited retinal degeneration. These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. Four clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Natera, Inc.	Apr 27, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics Laboratory, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein	May 17, 2021	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 09, 2023	This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Phe3795Leufs*38) in the ALMS1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in ALMS1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 17594715). This variant is present in population databases (rs768759374, gnomAD 0.0009%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with Alström syndrome (PMID: 17594715, 29193673). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 551457). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Apr 11, 2017	- -

not provided Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center	-	- -
Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics DNA and cytogenetics Diagnostics Lab, Erasmus MC, Erasmus Medical Center	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Feb 29, 2024	Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 17594715, 25846608, 32531858, 29193673) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs768759374; hg19: chr2-73800382;