rs77120160

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points: 0P and 12B. BA1BS3

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.1732-19T>A is an intronic variant for which the gnomAD filtering allele frequency (African/African American) is 2.8% and gnomAD v4.1 Grpmax AF is 2.898%, meeting BA1 criteria according to the Maximum Credible Allele Frequency (MCAF) cutoffs for MLH1. There was also no impact on splicing in laboratory assays using nonsense-mediated decay inhibition (PMID:27629256). In summary, this variant meets the criteria to be classified as benign for Lynch Syndrome, based on the MMR gene specific ACMG/AMP criteria established by the ClinGen InSiGHT Hereditary Colorectal Cancer/ Polyposis VCEP: BA1 and BS3 (VCEP specifications version 1) LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA006607/MONDO:0007356/115

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0091 ( 25 hom., cov: 31)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.00087 ( 20 hom. )

Consequence

MLH1
NM_000249.4 intron

Scores

2

Clinical Significance

Benign/Likely benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:1B:19

Conservation

PhyloP100: -2.00

Publications

2 publications found
Variant links:
Genes affected
MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
MLH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
  • Lynch syndrome
    Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
  • Lynch syndrome 2
    Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
  • Muir-Torre syndrome
    Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Orphanet
  • mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1
    Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen
  • Lynch syndrome 1
    Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
  • ovarian cancer
    Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
  • malignant pancreatic neoplasm
    Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
  • rhabdomyosarcoma
    Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
  • prostate cancer
    Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
  • breast cancer
    Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
  • hereditary breast carcinoma
    Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -12 ACMG points.

BS3
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
BA1
For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank MANE Protein UniProt
MLH1NM_000249.4 linkc.1732-19T>A intron_variant Intron 15 of 18 ENST00000231790.8 NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene Transcript HGVSc HGVSp Effect Exon rank TSL MANE Protein Appris UniProt
MLH1ENST00000231790.8 linkc.1732-19T>A intron_variant Intron 15 of 18 1 NM_000249.4 ENSP00000231790.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes
AF:
0.00914
AC:
1391
AN:
152192
Hom.:
25
Cov.:
31
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR
AF:
0.0321
Gnomad AMI
AF:
0.00
Gnomad AMR
AF:
0.00321
Gnomad ASJ
AF:
0.00
Gnomad EAS
AF:
0.00
Gnomad SAS
AF:
0.00
Gnomad FIN
AF:
0.00
Gnomad MID
AF:
0.00
Gnomad NFE
AF:
0.0000588
Gnomad OTH
AF:
0.00478
GnomAD2 exomes
AF:
0.00214
AC:
538
AN:
251116
AF XY:
0.00153
show subpopulations
Gnomad AFR exome
AF:
0.0295
Gnomad AMR exome
AF:
0.00145
Gnomad ASJ exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad EAS exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad FIN exome
AF:
0.00
Gnomad NFE exome
AF:
0.0000352
Gnomad OTH exome
AF:
0.000490
GnomAD4 exome
AF:
0.000874
AC:
1277
AN:
1461648
Hom.:
20
Cov.:
31
AF XY:
0.000734
AC XY:
534
AN XY:
727134
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.0305
AC:
1022
AN:
33474
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00181
AC:
81
AN:
44716
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
26134
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
39672
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.0000580
AC:
5
AN:
86256
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
53346
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.000694
AC:
4
AN:
5764
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.0000270
AC:
30
AN:
1111904
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00224
AC:
135
AN:
60382
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.476
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
65
130
194
259
324
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het
Exome Hom
Variant carriers
0
32
64
96
128
160
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
GnomAD4 genome
AF:
0.00913
AC:
1391
AN:
152310
Hom.:
25
Cov.:
31
AF XY:
0.00920
AC XY:
685
AN XY:
74476
show subpopulations
African (AFR)
AF:
0.0320
AC:
1328
AN:
41556
American (AMR)
AF:
0.00320
AC:
49
AN:
15290
Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
3468
East Asian (EAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
5190
South Asian (SAS)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
4828
European-Finnish (FIN)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
10628
Middle Eastern (MID)
AF:
0.00
AC:
0
AN:
294
European-Non Finnish (NFE)
AF:
0.0000588
AC:
4
AN:
68030
Other (OTH)
AF:
0.00473
AC:
10
AN:
2114
Allele Balance Distribution
Red line indicates average allele balance
Average allele balance: 0.499
Heterozygous variant carriers
0
68
136
204
272
340
0.00
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
0.95
Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het
Genome Hom
Variant carriers
0
20
40
60
80
100
<30
30-35
35-40
40-45
45-50
50-55
55-60
60-65
65-70
70-75
75-80
>80
Age
Alfa
AF:
0.000388
Hom.:
0
Bravo
AF:
0.00982
Asia WGS
AF:
0.00144
AC:
5
AN:
3478

ClinVar

Significance: Benign/Likely benign
Submissions summary: Uncertain:1Benign:19
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1Benign:6
Jun 06, 2013
Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic
Significance:Uncertain significance
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:research

- -

-
Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Laboratory of Diagnostic Genome Analysis, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC)
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 04, 2025
Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Dec 19, 2016
PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

-
Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided Benign:4
-
Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Mar 03, 2015
GeneDx
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 21056691) -

Mar 01, 2025
CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

MLH1: BS1, BS2 -

-
Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:not provided

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:3
Mar 26, 2020
Sema4, Sema4
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:curation

- -

Nov 18, 2014
Ambry Genetics
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Jan 01, 2022
Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2 Benign:2
Nov 26, 2024
Myriad Genetics, Inc.
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is intronic and is not expected to impact mRNA splicing. This variant has been observed in conjunction with multiple pathogenic variants, reducing the likelihood this variant itself is pathogenic. This variant has been observed in trans with a known pathogenic variant in one or more individuals lacking clinical features consistent with gene-specific recessive disease. -

May 28, 2019
Mendelics
Significance:Likely benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Lynch syndrome Benign:2
Aug 02, 2012
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Significance:Benign
Review Status:no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Oct 30, 2015
Genomic Diagnostic Laboratory, Division of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Benign:1
Sep 14, 2022
CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Benign:1
Feb 04, 2025
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance:Benign
Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
BayesDel_noAF
Benign
-0.82
CADD
Benign
0.013
DANN
Benign
0.64
PhyloP100
-2.0
RBP_binding_hub_radar
0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar
1.1
Mutation Taster
=100/0
polymorphism

Splicing

Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)
0.040
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs77120160; hg19: chr3-37088991; API