rs773583951

Variant names:

• chr3-12584880-C-G
• rs773583951
• NM_002880.4:c.1770G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):​c.1770G>C​(p.Lys590Asn) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: RAF1 NM_002880.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.15

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MKRN2 (HGNC:7113): (makorin ring finger protein 2) This gene encodes a probable E3 ubiquitin ligase containing several zinc finger domains, that is a member of the makorin RING zinc-finger protein family. This gene overlaps the v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (RAF1) gene in an antisense orientation and may have a co-regulatory function with RAF1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a domain Protein kinase (size 260) in uniprot entity RAF1_HUMAN there are 6 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (86%) in NM_002880.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the RAF1 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 47 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 39 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.4628 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.4185 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Noonan syndrome 5, dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Noonan syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, LEOPARD syndrome 2, Costello syndrome.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4	c.1770G>C	p.Lys590Asn	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 17	ENST00000251849.9	NP_002871.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9	c.1770G>C	p.Lys590Asn	missense_variant	Exon 16 of 17	1	NM_002880.4	ENSP00000251849.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251418 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135876

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ExAC AF: 0.00000824 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

-

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

-

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not specified Uncertain:1

Mar 28, 2017

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Lys590Asn variant in RAF1 has not been previously reported in individuals with a Rasopathy, but has been identified in 1/66734 European chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs773 583951). Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinica l significance of the p.Lys590Asn variant is uncertain. -

LEOPARD syndrome 2;C1969057:Noonan syndrome 5;C4014656:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN Uncertain:1

Sep 01, 2021

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

RASopathy Uncertain:1

Dec 19, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces lysine, which is basic and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 590 of the RAF1 protein (p.Lys590Asn). This variant is present in population databases (rs773583951, gnomAD 0.0009%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with RAF1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 517341). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RAF1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.43
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.075	D
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.13
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.86	D;.;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.26
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.28
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.19	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.68	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.14	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.69	N;.;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.80	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.2	D;D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.55
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.014	D;D;T
Polyphen		0.96	D;.;.
Vest4		0.61
MutPred		0.46		Loss of methylation at K590 (P = 0.0013);.;.;
MVP		0.69
MPC		0.54
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		2.9
Varity_R		0.89
gMVP		0.75

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs773583951; hg19: chr3-12626379;