rs774363593

chr3-36993588-C-Achr3-36993588-C-Gchr3-36993588-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 4P and 2B. PM1 PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.41C>A(p.Thr14Lys) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T14I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: MLH1 NM_000249.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.75

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 17 uncertain in NM_000249.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.25932908).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4	c.41C>A	p.Thr14Lys	missense_variant	1/19	ENST00000231790.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	c.41C>A	p.Thr14Lys	missense_variant	1/19	1	NM_000249.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jun 09, 2017

The p.T14K variant (also known as c.41C>A), located in coding exon 1 of the MLH1 gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 41. The threonine at codon 14 is replaced by lysine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be benign by MAPP-MMR in silico analyses (Chao EC et al. Hum. Mutat. 2008 Jun;29:852-60). Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.18
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.20	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.040
Cadd	Uncertain	24
Dann	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.48	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.049
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.18
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.065	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.26	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.29	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.96	L
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.82	D
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.0	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.48
Sift	Benign	0.091	T
Sift4G	Benign	0.49	T
Polyphen		0.0050	B
Vest4		0.37
MutPred		0.40		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0142);
MVP		0.94
MPC		0.081
ClinPred		0.59	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.35
gMVP		0.63

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs774363593; hg19: chr3-37035079;