rs775606471

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PM1PM2PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000159.4(GCDH):c.881G>A(p.Arg294Gln) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000291 in 1,613,104 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R294W) has been classified as Pathogenic.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000046 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000027 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GCDH
NM_000159.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 9.70

Variant links:

Genes affected

GCDH (HGNC:4189): (glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase) The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family. It catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of glutaryl-CoA to crotonyl-CoA and CO(2) in the degradative pathway of L-lysine, L-hydroxylysine, and L-tryptophan metabolism. It uses electron transfer flavoprotein as its electron acceptor. The enzyme exists in the mitochondrial matrix as a homotetramer of 45-kD subunits. Mutations in this gene result in the metabolic disorder glutaric aciduria type 1, which is also known as glutaric acidemia type I. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. A related pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2013]

GCDH links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 7 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_000159.4

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PM5

Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-12896937-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 860646.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.994

PP5

Variant 19-12896938-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-12896938-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 859875.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-12896938-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr19-12896938-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE
GCDH	NM_000159.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.881G>A	p.Arg294Gln	missense_variant	9/12	ENST00000222214.10
GCDH	NM_013976.5 linkuse as main transcript	c.881G>A	p.Arg294Gln	missense_variant	9/12
GCDH	NR_102316.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.1044G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	9/12
GCDH	NR_102317.1 linkuse as main transcript	n.1262G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	8/11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GCDH	ENST00000222214.10 linkuse as main transcript	c.881G>A	p.Arg294Gln	missense_variant	9/12	1	NM_000159.4	P1	Q92947-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152218

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000120

AC:

AN:

250556

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00000738

AC XY:

AN XY:

135588

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000578

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000882

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000274

AC:

AN:

1460886

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000358

AC XY:

AN XY:

726782

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000447

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.0000297

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000331

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000460

AC:

AN:

152218

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74366

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000441

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Bravo

AF:

0.0000491

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000164

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Glutaric aciduria, type 1

Pathogenic:5

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Baylor Genetics	Jan 11, 2024	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Mar 22, 2022	Variant summary: GCDH c.881G>A (p.Arg294Gln) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 1.2e-05 in 250556 control chromosomes. c.881G>A has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Glutaric Acidemia Type 1. These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. At least one publication reports experimental evidence and showed that GCDH activity was not detected in fibroblasts from the patient with homozygous R294Q. Two clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. One laboratory classified the variant as pathogenic, and one laboratory classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 30, 2024	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glutamine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 294 of the GCDH protein (p.Arg294Gln). This variant is present in population databases (rs775606471, gnomAD 0.006%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with glutaric acidemia (PMID: 15505393, 29665094). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 859875). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt GCDH protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. This variant disrupts the p.Arg294 amino acid residue in GCDH. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 9600243, 15505393, 25762492, 29201125; Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Neonatal Disease Screening Center, Medical Genetics Center, Huaihua City Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital	-	PM2_P+PM3_S+PP3+PP4 -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Mendelics	May 04, 2022	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.80

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.45

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.59

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.1

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.95

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

1.0

.;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.60

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.93

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

5.1

H;H

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.53

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.9

D;.

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.96

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;.

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;D

Vest4

0.97

MutPred

0.93

Loss of helix (P = 0.0626);Loss of helix (P = 0.0626);

MVP

1.0

MPC

1.2

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.4

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.99

gMVP

0.98

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over