rs778173749

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 2P and 4B. PM2BP4_Strong

The NM_003857.4(GALR2):c.993T>A(p.Ser331Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000499 in 1,603,580 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 16/22 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000048 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GALR2
NM_003857.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: -3.12

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GALR2 (HGNC:4133): (galanin receptor 2) Galanin is an important neuromodulator present in the brain, gastrointestinal system, and hypothalamopituitary axis. It is a 30-amino acid non-C-terminally amidated peptide that potently stimulates growth hormone secretion, inhibits cardiac vagal slowing of heart rate, abolishes sinus arrhythmia, and inhibits postprandial gastrointestinal motility. The actions of galanin are mediated through interaction with specific membrane receptors that are members of the 7-transmembrane family of G protein-coupled receptors. GALR2 interacts with the N-terminal residues of the galanin peptide. The primary signaling mechanism for GALR2 is through the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway (via Gq), in contrast to GALR1, which communicates its intracellular signal by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase through Gi. However, it has been demonstrated that GALR2 couples efficiently to both the Gq and Gi proteins to simultaneously activate 2 independent signal transduction pathways. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

GALR2 links:

ZACN (HGNC:29504): (zinc activated ion channel) LGICZ1 is a zinc-activated ligand-gated ion channel that defines a new subgroup of the cysteine-loop superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels (Davies et al., 2003 [PubMed 12381728]).[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]

ZACN links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.056613803).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GALR2	NM_003857.4 link	c.993T>A	p.Ser331Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 2	ENST00000329003.4	NP_003848.1	O43603
GALR2	XM_011525427.4 link	c.822T>A	p.Ser274Arg	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 4		XP_011523729.1
GALR2	XM_047436984.1 link	c.822T>A	p.Ser274Arg	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 4		XP_047292940.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GALR2	ENST00000329003.4 link	c.993T>A	p.Ser331Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 2	1	NM_003857.4	ENSP00000329684.3		O43603
ZACN	ENST00000591500.1 link	n.217-2179T>A		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 1	4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152218

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000134

AC:

AN:

224068

AF XY:

0.0000161

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000304

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000482

AC:

AN:

1451362

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000416

AC XY:

AN XY:

721680

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33328

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44028

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

25936

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39458

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

85602

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

47972

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5760

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000541

AC:

AN:

1109270

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000167

AC:

AN:

60008

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.532

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152218

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74366

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41472

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15292

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5192

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4836

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10620

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

68020

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.525

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000378

ExAC

AF:

0.0000168

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:1

May 30, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.993T>A (p.S331R) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the GALR2 gene. This alteration results from a T to A substitution at nucleotide position 993, causing the serine (S) at amino acid position 331 to be replaced by an arginine (R). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.13

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.31

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.65

CADD

Benign

0.59

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.81

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.097

Eigen

Benign

-1.5

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.6

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.16

LIST_S2

Benign

0.42

M_CAP

Benign

0.026

MetaRNN

Benign

0.057

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.0

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.69

PhyloP100

-3.1

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.64

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.0

REVEL

Benign

0.066

Sift

Benign

0.12

Sift4G

Benign

0.099

Polyphen

0.0

Vest4

0.054

MutPred

0.20

Loss of glycosylation at S331 (P = 0.0113);

MVP

0.36

ClinPred

0.034

GERP RS

-4.3

Varity_R

0.064

gMVP

0.19

Mutation Taster

=97/3

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over