rs778431187

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BP4_StrongBS2_Supporting

The NM_004006.3(DMD):c.357+5G>A variant causes a splice region, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000192 in 1,196,186 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. There are 4 hemizygotes in GnomAD. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000099 ( 0 hom., 3 hem., cov: 23)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000011 ( 0 hom. 1 hem. )

Consequence

DMD
NM_004006.3 splice_region, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 0.6659

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:7B:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 4.75

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

DMD (HGNC:2928): (dystrophin) This gene spans a genomic range of greater than 2 Mb and encodes a large protein containing an N-terminal actin-binding domain and multiple spectrin repeats. The encoded protein forms a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges the inner cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Deletions, duplications, and point mutations at this gene locus may cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), or cardiomyopathy. Alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing result in numerous distinct transcript variants and protein isoforms for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]

DMD Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Becker muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet
dilated cardiomyopathy 3B
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Myriad Women’s Health
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Orphanet
progressive muscular dystrophy
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability
Inheritance: XL Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
symptomatic form of muscular dystrophy of Duchenne and Becker in female carriers
Inheritance: XL Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

DMD links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.72).

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 11 XL,AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DMD	NM_004006.3 link	c.357+5G>A		splice_region_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 78	ENST00000357033.9	NP_003997.2	P11532

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DMD	ENST00000357033.9 link	c.357+5G>A		splice_region_variant, intron_variant	Intron 5 of 78	1	NM_004006.3	ENSP00000354923.3		A0A075B6G3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000986

AC:

AN:

111547

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000293

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000955

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000188

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000546

AC:

AN:

183181

AF XY:

0.00

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000761

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000111

AC:

AN:

1084639

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000284

AC XY:

AN XY:

351601

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000345

AC:

AN:

26120

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000284

AC:

AN:

35161

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

19270

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

30022

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53862

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

40486

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4099

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

830050

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000439

AC:

AN:

45569

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000986

AC:

AN:

111547

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000889

AC XY:

AN XY:

33739

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000293

AC:

AN:

30708

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000955

AC:

AN:

10467

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2647

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3571

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2665

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

6000

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

237

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000188

AC:

AN:

53071

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1501

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.512

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Genome Hom

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000712

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000102

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:7Benign:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:1

Aug 19, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Becker muscular dystrophy

Uncertain:1

Jun 01, 2020

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was determined to be of uncertain significance according to ACMG Guidelines, 2015 [PMID:25741868]. -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy;C0878544:Cardiomyopathy;C0917713:Becker muscular dystrophy;na:Dystrophin deficiency

Uncertain:1

May 21, 2018

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy;C0917713:Becker muscular dystrophy;C3668940:Dilated cardiomyopathy 3B

Uncertain:1

May 11, 2022

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Apr 24, 2018

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Uncertain:1

Jan 17, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change falls in intron 5 of the DMD gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the DMD protein. It affects a nucleotide within the consensus splice site. This variant is present in population databases (rs778431187, gnomAD 0.008%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with DMD-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 576305). Variants that disrupt the consensus splice site are a relatively common cause of aberrant splicing (PMID: 17576681, 9536098). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant is not likely to affect RNA splicing. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Aug 02, 2022

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.357+5G>A intronic variant results from a G to A substitution 5 nucleotides after coding exon 5 in the DMD gene. Based on data from gnomAD, the A allele has an overall frequency of 0.0005% (1/183181) total alleles studied, with 0 hemizygote(s) observed. The highest observed frequency was 0.0076% (1/13143) of African alleles. This nucleotide position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will not have any significant effect on splicing. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

DMD-related disorder

Benign:1

Jul 14, 2023

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.72

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.83

PhyloP100

4.8

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Benign

0.67

dbscSNV1_RF

Benign

0.55

SpliceAI score (max)

0.020

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over