rs782043444

Variant names:

• chr8-143916545-G-A
• rs782043444
• NM_201384.3:c.13276C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points: 0P and 0B.

The NM_201384.3(PLEC):​c.13276C>T​(p.Arg4426Cys) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000822 in 1,459,454 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R4426H) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000082 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PLEC NM_201384.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.92
• Publications: 5 publications found

Genes affected

PLEC (HGNC:9069): (plectin) Plectin is a prominent member of an important family of structurally and in part functionally related proteins, termed plakins or cytolinkers, that are capable of interlinking different elements of the cytoskeleton. Plakins, with their multi-domain structure and enormous size, not only play crucial roles in maintaining cell and tissue integrity and orchestrating dynamic changes in cytoarchitecture and cell shape, but also serve as scaffolding platforms for the assembly, positioning, and regulation of signaling complexes (reviewed in PMID: 9701547, 11854008, and 17499243). Plectin is expressed as several protein isoforms in a wide range of cell types and tissues from a single gene located on chromosome 8 in humans (PMID: 8633055, 8698233). Until 2010, this locus was named plectin 1 (symbol PLEC1 in human; Plec1 in mouse and rat) and the gene product had been referred to as "hemidesmosomal protein 1" or "plectin 1, intermediate filament binding 500kDa". These names were superseded by plectin. The plectin gene locus in mouse on chromosome 15 has been analyzed in detail (PMID: 10556294, 14559777), revealing a genomic exon-intron organization with well over 40 exons spanning over 62 kb and an unusual 5' transcript complexity of plectin isoforms. Eleven exons (1-1j) have been identified that alternatively splice directly into a common exon 2 which is the first exon to encode plectin's highly conserved actin binding domain (ABD). Three additional exons (-1, 0a, and 0) splice into an alternative first coding exon (1c), and two additional exons (2alpha and 3alpha) are optionally spliced within the exons encoding the acting binding domain (exons 2-8). Analysis of the human locus has identified eight of the eleven alternative 5' exons found in mouse and rat (PMID: 14672974); exons 1i, 1j and 1h have not been confirmed in human. Furthermore, isoforms lacking the central rod domain encoded by exon 31 have been detected in mouse (PMID:10556294), rat (PMID: 9177781), and human (PMID: 11441066, 10780662, 20052759). The short alternative amino-terminal sequences encoded by the different first exons direct the targeting of the various isoforms to distinct subcellular locations (PMID: 14559777). As the expression of specific plectin isoforms was found to be dependent on cell type (tissue) and stage of development (PMID: 10556294, 12542521, 17389230) it appears that each cell type (tissue) contains a unique set (proportion and composition) of plectin isoforms, as if custom-made for specific requirements of the particular cells. Concordantly, individual isoforms were found to carry out distinct and specific functions (PMID: 14559777, 12542521, 18541706). In 1996, a number of groups reported that patients suffering from epidermolysis bullosa simplex with muscular dystrophy (EBS-MD) lacked plectin expression in skin and muscle tissues due to defects in the plectin gene (PMID: 8698233, 8941634, 8636409, 8894687, 8696340). Two other subtypes of plectin-related EBS have been described: EBS-pyloric atresia (PA) and EBS-Ogna. For reviews of plectin-related diseases see PMID: 15810881, 19945614. Mutations in the plectin gene related to human diseases should be named based on the position in NM_000445 (variant 1, isoform 1c), unless the mutation is located within one of the other alternative first exons, in which case the position in the respective Reference Sequence should be used. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

PLEC Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• epidermolysis bullosa simplex

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: G2P
• epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5A, Ogna type

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp
• autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Q

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• congenital myasthenic syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Orphanet, Genomics England PanelApp
• epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5C, with pyloric atresia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Genomics England PanelApp
• epidermolysis bullosa simplex with nail dystrophy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: PanelApp Australia
• autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• aplasia cutis congenita

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• cholestasis

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 0 ACMG points.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_201384.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PLEC	NM_201384.3	MANE Select	c.13276C>T	p.Arg4426Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	NP_958786.1
	PLEC	NM_201378.4	MANE Plus Clinical	c.13234C>T	p.Arg4412Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	NP_958780.1
	PLEC	NM_201380.4		c.13687C>T	p.Arg4563Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	NP_958782.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PLEC	ENST00000345136.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.13276C>T	p.Arg4426Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	ENSP00000344848.3
	PLEC	ENST00000356346.7	TSL:1 MANE Plus Clinical	c.13234C>T	p.Arg4412Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	ENSP00000348702.3
	PLEC	ENST00000322810.8	TSL:1	c.13687C>T	p.Arg4563Cys	missense	Exon 32 of 32	ENSP00000323856.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000166 AC: 4 AN: 241606 AF XY: 0.0000227

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000291

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000280

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000822 AC: 12 AN: 1459454 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 44 AF XY: 0.00000826 AC XY: 6 AN XY: 726082

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33446

American (AMR) AF: 0.0000224 AC: 1 AN: 44686

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26098

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39666

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000116 AC: 1 AN: 86250

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 51722

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5764

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000900 AC: 10 AN: 1111490

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60332

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Alfa AF: 0.0000773 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000151

ExAC AF: 0.0000166 AC: 2

EpiCase AF: 0.0000545

EpiControl AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

Mar 17, 2017

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The R4453C variant has not been published as a pathogenic variant, nor has it been reported as a benign variant to our knowledge. The R4453C variant is not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016; 1000 Genomes Consortium et al., 2015; Exome Variant Server). This variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species, and in silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. However, missense variants in nearby residues have not been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database in association with PLEC-related disorders (Stenson et al., 2014).

Jan 31, 2017

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Ogna type;C2677349:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5C, with pyloric atresia;C2931072:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy;C3150989:Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Q;C4225309:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex with nail dystrophy Uncertain:1

Sep 19, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 424289). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PLEC-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs782043444, gnomAD 0.003%). This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 4453 of the PLEC protein (p.Arg4453Cys). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PLEC protein function.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.28
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.12	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.020
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Benign	0.91
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.12	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.51
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.45
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.86	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.15	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.68	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.021	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.1	M
PhyloP100		2.9
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.70	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.3	D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.50
Sift	Uncertain	0.0020	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0040	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.79
MVP		0.68
ClinPred		0.75	D
GERP RS		5.0
Varity_R		0.20
gMVP		0.54
Mutation Taster		=66/34	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs782043444; hg19: chr8-144990713; COSMIC: COSV59646347;