rs782121895

Positions:

• chr8-143920579-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The ENST00000345136.8(PLEC):​c.9242C>T​(p.Ala3081Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000549 in 1,458,506 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. A3081T) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000055 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PLEC ENST00000345136.8 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.81

Genes affected

PLEC (HGNC:9069): (plectin) Plectin is a prominent member of an important family of structurally and in part functionally related proteins, termed plakins or cytolinkers, that are capable of interlinking different elements of the cytoskeleton. Plakins, with their multi-domain structure and enormous size, not only play crucial roles in maintaining cell and tissue integrity and orchestrating dynamic changes in cytoarchitecture and cell shape, but also serve as scaffolding platforms for the assembly, positioning, and regulation of signaling complexes (reviewed in PMID: 9701547, 11854008, and 17499243). Plectin is expressed as several protein isoforms in a wide range of cell types and tissues from a single gene located on chromosome 8 in humans (PMID: 8633055, 8698233). Until 2010, this locus was named plectin 1 (symbol PLEC1 in human; Plec1 in mouse and rat) and the gene product had been referred to as "hemidesmosomal protein 1" or "plectin 1, intermediate filament binding 500kDa". These names were superseded by plectin. The plectin gene locus in mouse on chromosome 15 has been analyzed in detail (PMID: 10556294, 14559777), revealing a genomic exon-intron organization with well over 40 exons spanning over 62 kb and an unusual 5' transcript complexity of plectin isoforms. Eleven exons (1-1j) have been identified that alternatively splice directly into a common exon 2 which is the first exon to encode plectin's highly conserved actin binding domain (ABD). Three additional exons (-1, 0a, and 0) splice into an alternative first coding exon (1c), and two additional exons (2alpha and 3alpha) are optionally spliced within the exons encoding the acting binding domain (exons 2-8). Analysis of the human locus has identified eight of the eleven alternative 5' exons found in mouse and rat (PMID: 14672974); exons 1i, 1j and 1h have not been confirmed in human. Furthermore, isoforms lacking the central rod domain encoded by exon 31 have been detected in mouse (PMID:10556294), rat (PMID: 9177781), and human (PMID: 11441066, 10780662, 20052759). The short alternative amino-terminal sequences encoded by the different first exons direct the targeting of the various isoforms to distinct subcellular locations (PMID: 14559777). As the expression of specific plectin isoforms was found to be dependent on cell type (tissue) and stage of development (PMID: 10556294, 12542521, 17389230) it appears that each cell type (tissue) contains a unique set (proportion and composition) of plectin isoforms, as if custom-made for specific requirements of the particular cells. Concordantly, individual isoforms were found to carry out distinct and specific functions (PMID: 14559777, 12542521, 18541706). In 1996, a number of groups reported that patients suffering from epidermolysis bullosa simplex with muscular dystrophy (EBS-MD) lacked plectin expression in skin and muscle tissues due to defects in the plectin gene (PMID: 8698233, 8941634, 8636409, 8894687, 8696340). Two other subtypes of plectin-related EBS have been described: EBS-pyloric atresia (PA) and EBS-Ogna. For reviews of plectin-related diseases see PMID: 15810881, 19945614. Mutations in the plectin gene related to human diseases should be named based on the position in NM_000445 (variant 1, isoform 1c), unless the mutation is located within one of the other alternative first exons, in which case the position in the respective Reference Sequence should be used. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.957

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PLEC	NM_201384.3	c.9242C>T	p.Ala3081Val	missense_variant	32/32	ENST00000345136.8	NP_958786.1
PLEC	NM_201378.4	c.9200C>T	p.Ala3067Val	missense_variant	32/32	ENST00000356346.7	NP_958780.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PLEC	ENST00000345136.8	c.9242C>T	p.Ala3081Val	missense_variant	32/32	1	NM_201384.3	ENSP00000344848
PLEC	ENST00000356346.7	c.9200C>T	p.Ala3067Val	missense_variant	32/32	1	NM_201378.4	ENSP00000348702

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000819 AC: 2 AN: 244304 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 133736

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000180

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000549 AC: 8 AN: 1458506 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 74 AF XY: 0.00000551 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 725764

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000348

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000450

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ExAC AF: 0.0000166 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, Ogna type;C2677349:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5C, with pyloric atresia;C2931072:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex 5B, with muscular dystrophy;C3150989:Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2Q;C4225309:Epidermolysis bullosa simplex with nail dystrophy Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 30, 2022

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 3108 of the PLEC protein (p.Ala3108Val). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 538945). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PLEC-related conditions. This variant is present in population databases (rs782121895, gnomAD 0.002%). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.89
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.28	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.17
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Benign	0.90
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.31	.;.;.;.;T;.;.;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.66
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.47
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	1.0	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.58	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.96	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.8	.;.;.;.;H;.;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.78	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.0	N;N;N;N;N;N;N;N;.;N
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.86
Sift	Uncertain	0.011	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;.;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.067	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;.;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;.;.
Vest4		0.65
MutPred		0.85		.;.;.;.;Gain of sheet (P = 0.1208);.;.;.;.;.;
MVP		0.80
ClinPred		0.59	D
GERP RS		3.5
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.8
Varity_R		0.12
gMVP		0.75

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs782121895; hg19: chr8-144994747;