rs794729101

Positions:

• chr12-32792500-A-C
• chr12-32792500-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points: 0P and 4B. BS2

The ENST00000340811.9(PKP2):​c.2446-8T>G variant causes a splice region, splice polypyrimidine tract, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000616 in 1,460,390 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000062 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PKP2 ENST00000340811.9 splice_region, splice_polypyrimidine_tract, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9999
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.81

Genes affected

PKP2 (HGNC:9024): (plakophilin 2) This gene encodes a member of the arm-repeat (armadillo) and plakophilin gene families. Plakophilin proteins contain numerous armadillo repeats, localize to cell desmosomes and nuclei, and participate in linking cadherins to intermediate filaments in the cytoskeleton. This gene may regulate the signaling activity of beta-catenin and is required to maintain transcription of genes that control intracellular calcium cycling including ryanodine receptor 2, ankyrin-B, triadin, and calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C. Mutations in this gene are associated with different inherited cardiac conditions including Arrythmogenic Cardiomyopathy, Brugada Syndrome, and Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation. A processed pseudogene with high similarity to this gene has been mapped to chromosome 12p13. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points.

• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 9 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PKP2	NM_001005242.3	c.2446-8T>G		splice_region_variant, splice_polypyrimidine_tract_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000340811.9	NP_001005242.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PKP2	ENST00000340811.9	c.2446-8T>G		splice_region_variant, splice_polypyrimidine_tract_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_001005242.3	ENSP00000342800	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251432 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 135890

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000616 AC: 9 AN: 1460390 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00000688 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 726662

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000720

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Stanford University

Apr 11, 2014

Note this variant was found in clinical genetic testing performed by one or more labs who may also submit to ClinVar. Thus any internal case data may overlap with the internal case data of other labs. The interpretation reviewed below is that of the Stanford Center for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease. IVS13-8 T>G (c.2578-8 T>G) in the PKP2 gene: This is a completely novel splice-site variant. It has not been reported previously as a disease-causing mutation or as a benign polymorphism. In silico splice prediction algorithms predict that it destroys or decreases the efficiency of the canonical splice donor site in intron 13 which could cause abnormal gene splicing. Other splice site mutations in the PKP2 gene have been reported in HGMD in association with ARVC. The variant has not been seen in ~6500 individuals from publicly available population datasets. It is absent from the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project dataset, which currently includes variant calls on ~4300 Caucasian and ~2200 African American individuals. The phenotype of those individuals is not publicly available, however the cohorts that were merged to create this dataset were all either general population samples or samples recruited for common cardiovascular disease such as hypertension. -

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia 9 Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Dec 04, 2023

This sequence change falls in intron 13 of the PKP2 gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the PKP2 protein. This variant is present in population databases (rs794729101, gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PKP2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 201969). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

PKP2-related disorder Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Sep 21, 2022

The PKP2 c.2578-8T>G variant is predicted to interfere with splicing. This variant is predicted to greatly decrease the strength of the nearby canonical splice acceptor site, as well as create a new splice acceptor site 7 nucleotides upstream (Alamut Visual v2.11). To our knowledge, this variant has not been reported in the literature, although at least one other intronic variant predicted to impact the same splice acceptor site (c.2578-3A>G) has been reported in individuals with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (Groeneweg et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 25087486; see Supplemental information for Ye et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31402444). Based on RNA studies, the c.2578-3A>G variant was reported to lead to abnormal splicing (Groeneweg et al. 2014. PubMed ID: 25087486). The c.2578-8T>G variant is reported in 0.0029% of alleles in individuals of Latino descent in gnomAD (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/12-32945434-A-C). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Mar 28, 2014

c.2578-8 T>G: IVS13-8 T>G in intron 13 of the PKP2 gene (NM_004572.3). The c.2578-8 T>G variant has not been reported as a disease-causing mutation or as a benign polymorphism to our knowledge. In silico splice prediction algorithms predict c.2578-8 T>G destroys or decreases the efficiency of the canonical splice donor site in intron 13 which could cause abnormal gene splicing. The c.2578-8 T>G variant was not observed in approximately 6,500 individuals of European and African American ancestry in the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project, indicating it is not a common benign variant in these populations. Other splice site mutations in the PKP2 gene have been reported in association with ARVC. Therefore, based on the currently available information, it is unclear whether this variant is a pathogenic mutation or a rare benign variant. The variant is found in CARDIOMYOPATHY panel(s). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.66
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Benign	0.88

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.98
SpliceAI score (max)		0.87		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.79		Position offset: -1
DS_AL_spliceai		0.87		Position offset: -8

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs794729101; hg19: chr12-32945434;