rs797045347

chrX-78011679-G-AchrX-78011679-G-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points: 4P and 1B. PM2 PP5_Moderate BP4

The NM_000052.7(ATP7A):c.2172+5G>A variant causes a splice donor 5th base, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 22)
• Consequence: ATP7A NM_000052.7 splice_donor_5th_base, intron
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.53

Genes affected

ATP7A (HGNC:869): (ATPase copper transporting alpha) This gene encodes a transmembrane protein that functions in copper transport across membranes. This protein is localized to the trans Golgi network, where it is predicted to supply copper to copper-dependent enzymes in the secretory pathway. It relocalizes to the plasma membrane under conditions of elevated extracellular copper, and functions in the efflux of copper from cells. Mutations in this gene are associated with Menkes disease, X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy, and occipital horn syndrome. Alternatively-spliced transcript variants have been observed. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2013]

PGK1 (HGNC:8896): (phosphoglycerate kinase 1) The protein encoded by this gene is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 1,3-diphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate. The encoded protein may also act as a cofactor for polymerase alpha. Additionally, this protein is secreted by tumor cells where it participates in angiogenesis by functioning to reduce disulfide bonds in the serine protease, plasmin, which consequently leads to the release of the tumor blood vessel inhibitor angiostatin. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Deficiency of the enzyme is associated with a wide range of clinical phenotypes hemolytic anemia and neurological impairment. Pseudogenes of this gene have been defined on chromosomes 19, 21 and the X chromosome. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant X-78011679-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-78011679-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1345204.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.31).. Strength limited to SUPPORTING due to the PP5.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
ATP7A	NM_000052.7	c.2172+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000341514.11
ATP7A	NM_001282224.2	c.2172+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant
ATP7A	NR_104109.2	n.285-19721G>A		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
ATP7A	ENST00000341514.11	c.2172+5G>A		splice_donor_5th_base_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_000052.7	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 22

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 22

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Menkes kinky-hair syndrome;C0268353:Cutis laxa, X-linked;C1845359:X-linked distal spinal muscular atrophy type 3 Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Aug 08, 2022

In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the c.2172+5G nucleotide in the ATP7A gene. Other variant(s) that disrupt this nucleotide have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 10319589, 21494555). This suggests that this nucleotide is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this position are likely to be disease-causing. Variants that disrupt the consensus splice site are a relatively common cause of aberrant splicing (PMID: 17576681, 9536098). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1345204). This variant has been observed in individuals with clinical features of Menkes disease (Invitae). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change falls in intron 9 of the ATP7A gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the ATP7A protein. It affects a nucleotide within the consensus splice site. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.31
Cadd	Benign	22
Dann	Benign	0.93

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.86		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.86		Position offset: -5

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chrX-77267176;