rs797046081

Variant names:

• chr11-89284822-C-G
• rs797046081
• NM_000372.5:c.1234C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5

The NM_000372.5(TYR):​c.1234C>G​(p.Pro412Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000205 in 1,459,938 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: TYR NM_000372.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:2 U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.42
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

TYR (HGNC:12442): (tyrosinase) The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]

TYR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1A

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine
• Waardenburg syndrome type 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• oculocutaneous albinism type 1B

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_000372.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 116 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 3 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -1.9514 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.85521 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Waardenburg syndrome type 2, oculocutaneous albinism type 1A, oculocutaneous albinism type 1, oculocutaneous albinism type 1B, minimal pigment oculocutaneous albinism type 1, temperature-sensitive oculocutaneous albinism type 1.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.913
• PP5: Variant 11-89284822-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-89284822-C-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 212521.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000372.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TYR	NM_000372.5	MANE Select	c.1234C>G	p.Pro412Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 5	NP_000363.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	TYR	ENST00000263321.6	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1234C>G	p.Pro412Ala	missense	Exon 4 of 5	ENSP00000263321.4
	TYR	ENST00000528243.1	TSL:5	n.232C>G		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 2 of 3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000205 AC: 3 AN: 1459938 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 726322

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33370

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44580

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26048

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39668

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86210

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53374

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5744

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000270 AC: 3 AN: 1110670

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60274

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2 Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

Submissions by phenotype

Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:2

Feb 04, 2015

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Jul 22, 2021

Genome-Nilou Lab

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

May 20, 2023

Neuberg Centre For Genomic Medicine, NCGM

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The missense variant c.1234C>G(p.Pro412Ala) in TYR gene has not been reported previously as a pathogenic variant nor as a benign variant, to our knowledge. The observed variant is absent in gnomAD exomes database. This variant has been submitted to the ClinVar database as Likely Pathogenic / Variant of Uncertain Significance. Multiple lines of computational evidence (Polyphen - probably damaging , SIFT - damaging and MutationTaster - disease causing) predict a damaging effect on protein structure and function for this variant. The amino acid change p.Pro412Ala in TYR is predicted as conserved by GERP++ and PhyloP across 100 vertebrates. The amino acid Pro at position 412 is changed to a Ala changing protein sequence and it might alter its composition and physico-chemical properties. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Uncertain Significance (VUS).

not provided Pathogenic:1 Uncertain:1

Jul 19, 2016

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Nov 03, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces proline, which is neutral and non-polar, with alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 412 of the TYR protein (p.Pro412Ala). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive TRY-related conditions and/or clinical features of autosomal recessive TYR-related conditions (PMID: 13680365; internal data). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 212521). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt TYR protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.39
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.53	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.53
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.87	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.79
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.72
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.93	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.65	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.91	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.6	H
PhyloP100		7.4
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.56	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.3	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.95
Sift	Uncertain	0.0040	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.94
MutPred		0.49		Gain of phosphorylation at Y411 (P = 0.0701)
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.075
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.49
gMVP		0.89
Mutation Taster		=20/80	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs797046081; hg19: chr11-89017990;