Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1PM2PP5_Very_Strong
The NM_007294.4(BRCA1):c.4243delG(p.Glu1415LysfsTer4) variant causes a frameshift change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000657 in 152,218 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.
BRCA1 (HGNC:1100): (BRCA1 DNA repair associated) This gene encodes a 190 kD nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, and it also acts as a tumor suppressor. The BRCA1 gene contains 22 exons spanning about 110 kb of DNA. The encoded protein combines with other tumor suppressors, DNA damage sensors, and signal transducers to form a large multi-subunit protein complex known as the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC). This gene product associates with RNA polymerase II, and through the C-terminal domain, also interacts with histone deacetylase complexes. This protein thus plays a role in transcription, DNA repair of double-stranded breaks, and recombination. Mutations in this gene are responsible for approximately 40% of inherited breast cancers and more than 80% of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Alternative splicing plays a role in modulating the subcellular localization and physiological function of this gene. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which are disease-associated mutations, have been described for this gene, but the full-length natures of only some of these variants has been described. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 17, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]
Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.
PVS1
Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
PP5
Variant 17-43082517-TC-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-43082517-TC-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 37578.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr17-43082517-TC-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chr17-43082517-TC-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 Pathogenic:5
Feb 15, 2024
Baylor Genetics
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Jun 15, 2012
Sharing Clinical Reports Project (SCRP)
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Jul 22, 2003
Breast Cancer Information Core (BIC) (BRCA1)
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Oct 02, 2015
Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA), c/o University of Cambridge
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Sep 08, 2016
Evidence-based Network for the Interpretation of Germline Mutant Alleles (ENIGMA)
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: reviewed by expert panel
Collection Method: curation
Variant allele predicted to encode a truncated non-functional protein. -
not provided Pathogenic:4
Mar 06, 2018
Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Nov 20, 2017
ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Nov 23, 2022
GeneDx
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
Frameshift variant predicted to result in protein truncation or nonsense mediated decay in a gene for which loss of function is a known mechanism of disease; Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging effect: significant reduction in HDR activity compared to wild-type (Lu C et al., 2015); Truncating variants in this gene are considered pathogenic by a well-established clinical consortium and/or database; Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); Also known as 4362del; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 29625052, 21203900, 21281505, 26689913, 24312913, 16267036, 28452373, 29452958, 30720243, 29922827) -
Jan 31, 2017
Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome Pathogenic:3
Apr 15, 2024
Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Glu1415Lysfs*4) in the BRCA1 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in BRCA1 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 20104584). This variant is present in population databases (rs80357981, gnomAD 0.0009%). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with hereditary breast and/or ovarian cancer (PMID: 21203900, 21281505). This variant is also known as c.4362delG. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 37578). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Jan 31, 2014
Research Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: research
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Jul 10, 2019
Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
Variant summary: BRCA1 c.4243delG (p.Glu1415LysfsX4) results in a premature termination codon, predicted to cause a truncation of the encoded protein or absence of the protein due to nonsense mediated decay, which are commonly known mechanisms for disease. Truncations downstream of this position have been classified as pathogenic by our laboratory. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 4e-06 in 251428 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.4243delG has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (Judkins_2005, Smith_2011, Konecny_2011, Rebbeck_2018). These data indicate that the variant is very likely to be associated with disease. At least one publication reports experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function. The most pronounced variant effect results in <10% of HDR activity (Lu_2015). Six ClinVar submissions including an expert panel, ENIGMA, (evaluation after 2014) cite the variant as pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This variant deletes 1 nucleotide in exon 12 of the BRCA1 gene, creating a frameshift and premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been reported in at least one individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 21281505) and in several suspected hereditary breast and ovarian cancer families (PMID: 21203900, 29446198, 31409081). This variant has been identified in 1/251428 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of BRCA1 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -
Aug 19, 2021
Ambry Genetics
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
The c.4243delG pathogenic mutation, located in coding exon 11 of the BRCA1 gene, results from a deletion of one nucleotide at nucleotide position 4243, causing a translational frameshift with a predicted alternate stop codon (p.E1415Kfs*4). This pathogenic mutation has been reported in several unrelated breast and/or ovarian cancer families (Smith LD et al. Breast Cancer Res. 2011 Jan 31;13(1):R14; Konecny M et al. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2011 Feb;126(1):119-30; Machackova E et al. Klin Onkol. 2019;32:51-71). Of note, this alteration is also designated as 4362delG in published literature. In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -
Breast and/or ovarian cancer Pathogenic:1
Jun 11, 2019
CZECANCA consortium
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
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Malignant tumor of breast Pathogenic:1
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Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System
Significance: Pathogenic
Review Status: no assertion criteria provided
Collection Method: clinical testing
The BRCA1 p.Glu1415LysfsX4 variant was identified in 4 of 2104 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.002) from individuals or families with Hereditary Breast and ovarian Cancer (Konecny 2011, Smith 2011). This variant was identified in the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) database (released Oct 20th, 2014) in 1 of 67690 chromosomes (frequency: 1.48e-05) from a population of European (Non-Finnish) individuals, although this low number of observations and low frequency is not substantive enough to determine the prevalence of the variant in the general population and its relationship to disease.The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs80357981) “With Pathogenic allele”, HGMD, the ClinVar database (classified as a pathogenic variant by the Sharing Clinical Reports Project, derived from Myriad reports, as pathogenic by BIC ), GeneInsight VariantWire(1X, classified as pathogenic by a clinical laboratory), the BIC database (2X with clinical importance). The p.Glu1415LysfsX4 deletion variant is predicted to cause a frameshift, which alters the protein's amino acid sequence beginning at codon 1415 and leads to a premature stop codon 4 codons downstream. This alteration is then predicted to result in a truncated or absent protein and loss of function. Loss of function variants of the BRCA1 gene are an established mechanism of disease in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer and is the type of variant expected to cause the disorder. In summary, based on the above information, this variant meets our laboratory’s criteria to be classified as pathogenic. -