rs864622153

Positions:

• chr2-47799674-C-A
• chr2-47799674-C-G
• chr2-47799674-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000179.3(MSH6):​c.1691C>A​(p.Ser564Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,888 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MSH6 NM_000179.3 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.85

Genes affected

MSH6 (HGNC:7329): (mutS homolog 6) This gene encodes a member of the DNA mismatch repair MutS family. In E. coli, the MutS protein helps in the recognition of mismatched nucleotides prior to their repair. A highly conserved region of approximately 150 aa, called the Walker-A adenine nucleotide binding motif, exists in MutS homologs. The encoded protein heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form a mismatch recognition complex that functions as a bidirectional molecular switch that exchanges ADP and ATP as DNA mismatches are bound and dissociated. Mutations in this gene may be associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer, colorectal cancer, and endometrial cancer. Transcripts variants encoding different isoforms have been described. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

FBXO11 (HGNC:13590): (F-box protein 11) This gene encodes a member of the F-box protein family which is characterized by an approximately 40 amino acid motif, the F-box. The F-box proteins constitute one of the four subunits of ubiquitin protein ligase complex called SCFs (SKP1-cullin-F-box), which function in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination. The F-box proteins are divided into 3 classes: Fbws containing WD-40 domains, Fbls containing leucine-rich repeats, and Fbxs containing either different protein-protein interaction modules or no recognizable motifs. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Fbxs class. It can function as an arginine methyltransferase that symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues, and it acts as an adaptor protein to mediate the neddylation of p53, which leads to the suppression of p53 function. This gene is known to be down-regulated in melanocytes from patients with vitiligo, a skin disorder that results in depigmentation. Polymorphisms in this gene are associated with chronic otitis media with effusion and recurrent otitis media (COME/ROM), a hearing loss disorder, and the knockout of the homologous mouse gene results in the deaf mouse mutant Jeff (Jf), a single gene model of otitis media. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-47799674-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-47799674-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 219551.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr2-47799674-C-A is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MSH6	NM_000179.3	c.1691C>A	p.Ser564Ter	stop_gained	4/10	ENST00000234420.11

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MSH6	ENST00000234420.11	c.1691C>A	p.Ser564Ter	stop_gained	4/10	1	NM_000179.3	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461888 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727244

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Lynch syndrome 5 Pathogenic:2

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Dec 12, 2016	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 28, 2023	This variant is considered pathogenic. This variant creates a termination codon and is predicted to result in premature protein truncation. -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Apr 14, 2017	This variant is denoted MSH6 c.1691C>A at the cDNA level and p.Ser564Ter (S564X) at the protein level. The substitution creates a nonsense variant, which changes a Serine to a premature stop codon (TCA>TAA), and is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function through either protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. This variant has been observed in an individual tested on a hereditary colorectal cancer panel (Ferber 2016). We consider this variant to be pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Jan 16, 2018	- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Aug 14, 2021	The p.S564* pathogenic mutation (also known as c.1691C>A), located in coding exon 4 of the MSH6 gene, results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 1691. This changes the amino acid from a serine to a stop codon within coding exon 4. This mutation has been detected in multiple endometrial cancer patients whose tumors demonstrated loss of MSH6 on immunohistochemistry (Ambry internal data). A different nucleotide change at this position (c.1691C>G) that leads to the same stop codon was seen in two Swedish families with Lynch syndrome (Lagerstedt-Robinson K et al. Oncol. Rep., 2016 Nov;36:2823-2835). In addition to the clinical data presented in the literature, this alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is interpreted as a disease-causing mutation. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Oct 01, 2021	This variant changes 1 nucleotide in exon 4 of the MSH6 gene, creating a premature translation stop signal. This variant is expected to result in an absent or non-functional protein product. This variant has been observed in an individual affected with ovarian cancer (Color internal data). A different DNA substitution resulting in the same protein consequence (c.1691C>G; p.Ser564*) has been observed in two families affected with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 27601186). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Loss of MSH6 function is a known mechanism of disease (clinicalgenome.org). Based on the available evidence, this variant is classified as Pathogenic. -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

CZECANCA consortium

Jun 11, 2019

- -

MSH6-related disorder Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Sep 21, 2022

The MSH6 c.1691C>A variant is predicted to result in premature protein termination (p.Ser564*). This variant has been reported in an individual being tested on a hereditary colorectal cancer panel (Ferber et al. 2016. Journal of Medical Diagnostic Methods, vol 5). A different nucleotide variant (c.1691C>G) which also causes a premature termination codon at this position has been reported in individuals with Lynch syndrome (Lagerstedt-Robinson et al. 2016. PubMed ID: 27601186). This variant has not been reported in a large population database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org), indicating this variant is rare. Nonsense variants in MSH6 are expected to be pathogenic. Given the evidence, we interpret c.1691C>A (p.Ser564*) as pathogenic. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Feb 28, 2023

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Ser564*) in the MSH6 gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in MSH6 are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 18269114, 24362816). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with Lynch syndrome (PMID: 27601186). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 219551). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.60	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.62
CADD	Pathogenic	37
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.95
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.83
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;A;A;A
Vest4		0.89
GERP RS		5.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs864622153; hg19: chr2-48026813;