rs869178171

Variant names:

• chr2-178563475-C-A
• rs869178171
• NM_001267550.2:c.82657G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_001267550.2(TTN):​c.82657G>T​(p.Gly27553*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: TTN NM_001267550.2 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.86

Genes affected

TTN (HGNC:12403): (titin) This gene encodes a large abundant protein of striated muscle. The product of this gene is divided into two regions, a N-terminal I-band and a C-terminal A-band. The I-band, which is the elastic part of the molecule, contains two regions of tandem immunoglobulin domains on either side of a PEVK region that is rich in proline, glutamate, valine and lysine. The A-band, which is thought to act as a protein-ruler, contains a mixture of immunoglobulin and fibronectin repeats, and possesses kinase activity. An N-terminal Z-disc region and a C-terminal M-line region bind to the Z-line and M-line of the sarcomere, respectively, so that a single titin molecule spans half the length of a sarcomere. Titin also contains binding sites for muscle associated proteins so it serves as an adhesion template for the assembly of contractile machinery in muscle cells. It has also been identified as a structural protein for chromosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Considerable variability exists in the I-band, the M-line and the Z-disc regions of titin. Variability in the I-band region contributes to the differences in elasticity of different titin isoforms and, therefore, to the differences in elasticity of different muscle types. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9, and autoantibodies to titin are produced in patients with the autoimmune disease scleroderma. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2012]

TTN-AS1 (HGNC:44124): (TTN antisense RNA 1) This gene encodes a non-coding RNA transcribed from the opposite strand to the titin gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 2-178563475-C-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr2-178563475-C-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 488810.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
TTN	NM_001267550.2	c.82657G>T	p.Gly27553*	stop_gained	Exon 326 of 363	ENST00000589042.5	NP_001254479.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
TTN	ENST00000589042.5	c.82657G>T	p.Gly27553*	stop_gained	Exon 326 of 363	5	NM_001267550.2	ENSP00000467141.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 37

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Cardiovascular phenotype Pathogenic:2

Mar 10, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.G18488* variant (also known as c.55462G>T), located in coding exon 153 of the TTN gene, results from a G to T substitution at nucleotide position 55462. This changes the amino acid from a glycine to a stop codon within coding exon 153. This exon is located in the A-band region of the N2-B isoform of the titin protein and is constitutively expressed in TTN transcripts (percent spliced in or PSI 100%). This variant has been detected in a dilated cardiomyopathy cohort (Chami N et al. Can J Cardiol, 2014 Dec;30:1655-61). This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This alteration is expected to result in loss of function by premature protein truncation or nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. While truncating variants in TTN are present in 1-3% of the general population, truncating variants in the A-band are the most common cause of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (Herman DS et al. N. Engl. J. Med., 2012 Feb;366:619-28; Roberts AM et al. Sci Transl Med, 2015 Jan;7:270ra6). TTN truncating variants encoded in constitutive exons (PSI >90%) have been found to be significantly associated with DCM regardless of their position in titin (Schafer S et al. Nat. Genet., 2017 01;49:46-53). Based on the majority of available evidence to date, this variant is likely to be pathogenic. -

Aug 13, 2024

Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory for Inherited Cardiovascular Disease, Montreal Heart Institute

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

PVS1, PS4_mod, PM2, PP1_mod -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G Pathogenic:1

Apr 24, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Gly27553*) in the TTN gene. While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to create a truncated TTN protein. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individual(s) with dilated cardiomyopathy (PMID: 25448463). This variant is also known as NM_003319.4:c.55462G>T (p.Gly18488Stop). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 488810). This variant is located in the A band of TTN (PMID: 25589632). Truncating variants in this region are significantly overrepresented in patients affected with dilated cardiomyopathy (PMID: 25589632). Truncating variants in this region have also been reported in individuals affected with autosomal recessive centronuclear myopathy (PMID: 23975875). In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

Cardiomyopathy Pathogenic:1

Jun 15, 2023

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2J;C1838244:Tibial muscular dystrophy;C1858763:Dilated cardiomyopathy 1G;C1861065:Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 9;C1863599:Myopathy, myofibrillar, 9, with early respiratory failure;C2673677:Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy Pathogenic:1

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Jun 04, 2018

GeneDx

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The G25912X pathogenic variant in the TTN gene, described as G18488X due to the use of an alternative transcript, has been previously reported in association with DCM (Chami et al., 2014). G25912X is predicted to cause loss of normal protein function either due to production of an abnormal, prematurely truncated protein, or by absence of protein product due to nonsense mediated mRNA decay. Although other truncating TTN variants have been reported in approximately 3% of control alleles (Herman et al., 2012), G25912X is located in the A-band region of titin, where the majority of truncating pathogenic variants associated with DCM have been reported (Herman et al., 2012). Furthermore, G25912X is not observed in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.62	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.66
CADD	Pathogenic	66
DANN	Benign	0.96
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.1
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.94
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
Vest4		0.90
GERP RS		5.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs869178171; hg19: chr2-179428202; COSMIC: COSV60247529; COSMIC: COSV60247529;