rs869320704

Variant names:

• chr5-74722562-C-T
• rs869320704
• NM_032380.5:c.2029-1G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PVS1_Moderate PM2 PP5

The NM_032380.5(GFM2):​c.2029-1G>A variant causes a splice acceptor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000276 in 1,451,272 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000028 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GFM2 NM_032380.5 splice_acceptor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.54
• Publications: 3 publications found

Genes affected

GFM2 (HGNC:29682): (GTP dependent ribosome recycling factor mitochondrial 2) Eukaryotes contain two protein translational systems, one in the cytoplasm and one in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial translation is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function and mutations in this system lead to a breakdown in the respiratory chain-oxidative phosphorylation system and to impaired maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. This gene encodes one of the mitochondrial translation elongation factors, which is a GTPase that plays a role at the termination of mitochondrial translation by mediating the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA . Its role in the regulation of normal mitochondrial function and in disease states attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction is not known. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

HEXB (HGNC:4879): (hexosaminidase subunit beta) Hexosaminidase B is the beta subunit of the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase that, together with the cofactor GM2 activator protein, catalyzes the degradation of the ganglioside GM2, and other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines. Beta-hexosaminidase is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, which are encoded by separate genes. Both beta-hexosaminidase alpha and beta subunits are members of family 20 of glycosyl hydrolases. Mutations in the alpha or beta subunit genes lead to an accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in neurons and neurodegenerative disorders termed the GM2 gangliosidoses. Beta subunit gene mutations lead to Sandhoff disease (GM2-gangliosidosis type II). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

HEXB Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Sandhoff disease

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Genomics England PanelApp, ClinGen, Myriad Women's Health, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 5 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.07820513 fraction of the gene. Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 7.1, offset of 1, new splice context is: cattctttaatttctttaAGctc. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in inframe change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 5-74722562-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-74722562-C-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 225206.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_032380.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GFM2	NM_032380.5	MANE Select	c.2029-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_115756.2
	GFM2	NM_001281302.2		c.2125-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_001268231.1
	GFM2	NM_170691.3		c.1888-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	NP_733792.1	Q969S9-2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	GFM2	ENST00000296805.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2029-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000296805.3	Q969S9-1
	GFM2	ENST00000509430.5	TSL:1	c.2029-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000427004.1	Q969S9-1
	GFM2	ENST00000345239.6	TSL:1	c.1888-1G>A		splice_acceptor intron	N/A	ENSP00000296804.3	Q969S9-2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000415 AC: 1 AN: 240906 AF XY: 0.00000767

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000564

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000276 AC: 4 AN: 1451272 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00000415 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 722050

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32632

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 41636

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25890

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.000101 AC: 4 AN: 39598

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 84110

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53196

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5722

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1108522

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 59966

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

Asia WGS AF: 0.000289 AC: 1 AN: 3478

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 39 (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.29	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.36
CADD	Pathogenic	36
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.2
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	1.1
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
PhyloP100		7.5
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		1.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.98		Position offset: -2
DS_AL_spliceai		1.0		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

MaxEntScan Visualizer can be used to analyze the impact of this mutation on the neighboring sequence.

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs869320704;

hg19: chr5-74018387;