rs875989793

chr16-23635461-A-Cchr16-23635461-A-Gchr16-23635461-A-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_024675.4(PALB2):c.1085T>G(p.Leu362Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. L362P) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PALB2 NM_024675.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.0860

Genes affected

PALB2 (HGNC:26144): (partner and localizer of BRCA2) This gene encodes a protein that may function in tumor suppression. This protein binds to and colocalizes with the breast cancer 2 early onset protein (BRCA2) in nuclear foci and likely permits the stable intranuclear localization and accumulation of BRCA2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.11352667).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
PALB2	NM_024675.4	c.1085T>G	p.Leu362Arg	missense_variant	4/13	ENST00000261584.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
PALB2	ENST00000261584.9	c.1085T>G	p.Leu362Arg	missense_variant	4/13	1	NM_024675.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251360 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135874

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.0000544

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Sep 26, 2023

This sequence change replaces leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 362 of the PALB2 protein (p.Leu362Arg). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.006%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with colorectal cancer (PMID: 28135145). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 230940). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PALB2 protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Nov 14, 2022

The p.L362R variant (also known as c.1085T>G), located in coding exon 4 of the PALB2 gene, results from a T to G substitution at nucleotide position 1085. The leucine at codon 362 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is not well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.094
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.19	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.34
Cadd	Benign	15
Dann	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.12	T;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.86
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.95
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.10	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.75	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.043	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.11	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.95	T
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N
PrimateAI	Benign	0.24	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.1	D;D
Sift	Uncertain	0.011	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.010	D;D
Polyphen		0.051	.;B
Vest4		0.31
MutPred		0.13		.;Loss of stability (P = 0.0161);
MVP		0.41
MPC		0.39
ClinPred		0.15	T
GERP RS		-2.0
Varity_R		0.25
gMVP		0.31

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs875989793; hg19: chr16-23646782;