rs876657967

Positions:

• chr3-12584534-G-A
• chr3-12584534-G-C
• chr3-12584534-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 3P and 1B. PM2 PP2 BP4

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):​c.1927C>T​(p.Pro643Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,894 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P643L) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RAF1 NM_002880.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.31

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

MKRN2 (HGNC:7113): (makorin ring finger protein 2) This gene encodes a probable E3 ubiquitin ligase containing several zinc finger domains, that is a member of the makorin RING zinc-finger protein family. This gene overlaps the v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (RAF1) gene in an antisense orientation and may have a co-regulatory function with RAF1. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), RAF1. . Gene score misZ 2.4628 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.4185 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Noonan syndrome 5, dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Noonan syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, LEOPARD syndrome 2, Costello syndrome.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.27929884).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4	c.1927C>T	p.Pro643Ser	missense_variant	17/17	ENST00000251849.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9	c.1927C>T	p.Pro643Ser	missense_variant	17/17	1	NM_002880.4	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461894 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 727248

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

EpiCase AF: 0.0000545

EpiControl AF: 0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Jun 16, 2022	Variant summary: RAF1 c.1927C>T (p.Pro643Ser) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251246 control chromosomes. The available data on variant occurrences in the general population are insufficient to allow any conclusion about variant significance. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.1927C>T in individuals affected with Noonan Syndrome and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. One clinical diagnostic laboratory has submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 and classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine	Dec 22, 2015	The p.Pro643Ser variant in RAF1 has not been previously reported in individuals with a RASopathy disorder and was absent from large population studies. Proline (Pro) at position 643 is not conserved in mammals or evolutionarily distant spec ies and 2 species (bactrian camel, ground finch) carry a serine (Ser) at this po sition, raising the possibility that this change may be tolerated. In summary, t he clinical significance of the p.Pro643Ser variant is uncertain. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.067
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.035	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.29
CADD	Benign	18
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.84	D;.;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.14
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.017
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.82	T;T;T
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.092	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.28	T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.72	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.63	N;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.51	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D;D;D
REVEL	Benign	0.22
Sift	Uncertain	0.023	D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.050	T;T;T
Polyphen		0.0060	B;.;.
Vest4		0.065
MutPred		0.33		Loss of glycosylation at T640 (P = 0.0239);.;.;
MVP		0.62
MPC		0.23
ClinPred		0.65	D
GERP RS		4.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.18
gMVP		0.70

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876657967; hg19: chr3-12626033; COSMIC: COSV50107006; COSMIC: COSV50107006;