rs878853818

chr2-47410158-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.431C>G(p.Ser144Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S144A) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: MSH2 NM_000251.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.91

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 10 benign, 17 uncertain in NM_000251.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.768

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3	c.431C>G	p.Ser144Cys	missense_variant	3/16	ENST00000233146.7

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7	c.431C>G	p.Ser144Cys	missense_variant	3/16	1	NM_000251.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Mar 10, 2016

In summary, this variant is a novel missense change with uncertain impact on protein function. It has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency) and has not been reported in the literature in individuals with a MSH2-related disease. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Class C15"). This sequence change replaces serine with cysteine at codon 144 of the MSH2 protein (p.Ser144Cys). The serine residue is moderately conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between serine and cysteine. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Jan 11, 2021

This missense variant replaces serine with cysteine at codon 144 of the MSH2 protein. Computational prediction is inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold 0.5 < inconclusive < 0.7, PMID: 27666373). A functional study reported that this variant may not impact DNA mismatch repair activity based on a 6-thioguanine sensitivity assay in Msh2-deficient haploid human cells (PMID: 33357406). This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with hereditary cancer in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.11
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.24	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.11
Cadd	Benign	21
Dann	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.77	D;T;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.42
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.43
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.14	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.77	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	0.82	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.9	L;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	0.98	D;D;D
PrimateAI	Benign	0.44	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.5	D;D;N;.;N
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.67
Sift	Benign	0.043	D;D;D;.;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.098	T;T;T;.;T
Polyphen		0.026	B;.;.;.;D
Vest4		0.47
MutPred		0.63		Loss of disorder (P = 0.1441);.;.;Loss of disorder (P = 0.1441);Loss of disorder (P = 0.1441);
MVP		0.85
MPC		0.0067
ClinPred		0.74	D
GERP RS		5.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.24
gMVP		0.56

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs878853818; hg19: chr2-47637297;