rs879254543

Variant names:

• chr19-11105391-C-A
• rs879254543
• NM_000527.5:c.485C>A

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr19-11105391-C-A
• chr19-11105391-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Strong

The NM_000527.5(LDLR):​c.485C>A​(p.Pro162His) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. P162L) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: LDLR NM_000527.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.08
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

LDLR (HGNC:6547): (low density lipoprotein receptor) The low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene family consists of cell surface proteins involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis of specific ligands. The encoded protein is normally bound at the cell membrane, where it binds low density lipoprotein/cholesterol and is taken into the cell. Lysosomes release the cholesterol, which is made available for repression of microsomal enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, the rate-limiting step in cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, a reciprocal stimulation of cholesterol ester synthesis takes place. Mutations in this gene cause the autosomal dominant disorder, familial hypercholesterolemia. Alternate splicing results in multiple transcript variants.[provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

LDLR Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1

  Inheritance: AD, SD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, ClinGen
• homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 30 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 9 uncertain in NM_000527.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr19-11105391-C-T is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 251251.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 678 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 92 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.12407 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 0.59338 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to hypercholesterolemia, familial, 1, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.969

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
LDLR	NM_000527.5	c.485C>A	p.Pro162His	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 18	ENST00000558518.6	NP_000518.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
LDLR	ENST00000558518.6	c.485C>A	p.Pro162His	missense_variant	Exon 4 of 18	1	NM_000527.5	ENSP00000454071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Cardiovascular phenotype Uncertain:1

Oct 12, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.485C>A (p.P162H) alteration is located in coding exon 4 of the LDLR gene. This alteration results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 485, causing the proline (P) at amino acid position 162 to be replaced by a histidine (H). This variant was not reported in population-based cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. This alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.46
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.43	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.38
CADD	Benign	23
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.89	D;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.66
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.59
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.64	T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.65	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.5	M;.;.;M
PhyloP100		6.1
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.56	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.9	D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.83
Sift	Benign	0.030	D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0080	D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;.;.
Vest4		0.67
MutPred		0.71		Gain of catalytic residue at P162 (P = 0.0103);Gain of catalytic residue at P162 (P = 0.0103);.;Gain of catalytic residue at P162 (P = 0.0103);
MVP		1.0
MPC		0.87
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.6
PromoterAI		-0.0062	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.81
gMVP		0.98
Mutation Taster		=0/100	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs879254543; hg19: chr19-11216067;