10-117545628-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 3P and 1B. PM2 PP5 BP4

The NM_004098.4(EMX2):c.407-4G>T variant causes a splice region, splice polypyrimidine tract, intron change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,642 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: EMX2 NM_004098.4 splice_region, splice_polypyrimidine_tract, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.003116
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.17

Genes affected

EMX2 (HGNC:3341): (empty spiracles homeobox 2) This gene encodes a homeobox-containing transcription factor that is the homolog to the 'empty spiracles' gene in Drosophila. Research on this gene in humans has focused on its expression in three tissues: dorsal telencephalon, olfactory neuroepithelium, and urogenetial system. It is expressed in the dorsal telencephalon during development in a low rostral-lateral to high caudal-medial gradient and is proposed to pattern the neocortex into defined functional areas. It is also expressed in embryonic and adult olfactory neuroepithelia where it complexes with eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) and possibly regulates mRNA transport or translation. In the developing urogenital system, it is expressed in epithelial tissues and is negatively regulated by HOXA10. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct proteins.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 10-117545628-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr10-117545628-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 9521.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.48).. Strength limited to SUPPORTING due to the PP5.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
EMX2	NM_004098.4	c.407-4G>T		splice_region_variant, splice_polypyrimidine_tract_variant, intron_variant		ENST00000553456.5
EMX2	NM_001165924.2	c.406+1955G>T		intron_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
EMX2	ENST00000553456.5	c.407-4G>T		splice_region_variant, splice_polypyrimidine_tract_variant, intron_variant		1	NM_004098.4	P1
EMX2	ENST00000546446.2	n.366-4G>T		splice_region_variant, splice_polypyrimidine_tract_variant, intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant		1
EMX2	ENST00000442245.5	c.406+1955G>T		intron_variant		2
EMX2	ENST00000616794.1	c.106+1955G>T		intron_variant		2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461642 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727138

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Schizencephaly Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Jan 01, 1996

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.48
Cadd	Benign	15
Dann	Benign	0.74

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Benign	0.0031
dbscSNV1_RF	Benign	0.13
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1411887961; hg19: chr10-119305139;