12-102894860-T-G

Position:

• chr12-102894860-T-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5_Moderate

The NM_000277.3(PAH):​c.227A>C​(p.Glu76Ala) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. E76G) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PAH NM_000277.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.13

Genes affected

PAH (HGNC:8582): (phenylalanine hydroxylase) This gene encodes a member of the biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase protein family. The encoded phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme hydroxylates phenylalanine to tyrosine and is the rate-limiting step in phenylalanine catabolism. Deficiency of this enzyme activity results in the autosomal recessive disorder phenylketonuria. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

LOC124902999 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr12-102894860-T-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.913
• PP5: Variant 12-102894860-T-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr12-102894860-T-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 102634.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PAH	NM_000277.3	c.227A>C	p.Glu76Ala	missense_variant	3/13	ENST00000553106.6	NP_000268.1
LOC124902999	XR_007063428.1	n.863-9838T>G		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant
PAH	NM_001354304.2	c.227A>C	p.Glu76Ala	missense_variant	4/14		NP_001341233.1
PAH	XM_017019370.2	c.227A>C	p.Glu76Ala	missense_variant	3/7		XP_016874859.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PAH	ENST00000553106.6	c.227A>C	p.Glu76Ala	missense_variant	3/13	1	NM_000277.3	ENSP00000448059	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Phenylketonuria Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Jul 30, 2020

Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PAH protein function. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This variant disrupts the p.Glu76 amino acid residue in PAH. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 12655546, 24401910, 11935335). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. This variant has been observed in individual(s) with PAH-related conditions (PMID: 8632937, Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 102634). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change replaces glutamic acid with alanine at codon 76 of the PAH protein (p.Glu76Ala). The glutamic acid residue is moderately conserved and there is a moderate physicochemical difference between glutamic acid and alanine. -

not provided Other:1

not provided, no classification provided

literature only

DeBelle Laboratory for Biochemical Genetics, MUHC/MCH RESEARCH INSTITUTE

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.18
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.45	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.41
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.94	D;D;D;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.31
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.45
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.33	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.91	D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.4	M;.;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.50	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.7	N;N;N;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.70
Sift	Benign	0.074	T;T;T;T
Sift4G	Benign	0.23	T;T;T;.
Polyphen		0.018	B;.;.;.
Vest4		0.73
MutPred		0.81		Loss of disorder (P = 0.0402);.;Loss of disorder (P = 0.0402);Loss of disorder (P = 0.0402);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.032
ClinPred		0.93	D
GERP RS		6.2
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.74
gMVP		0.77

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs62507347; hg19: chr12-103288638;