17-44351035-A-G

Position:

• chr17-44351035-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 22 ACMG points: 22P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002087.4(GRN):​c.709-2A>G variant causes a splice acceptor change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: GRN NM_002087.4 splice_acceptor
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:5 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.79

Genes affected

GRN (HGNC:4601): (granulin precursor) Granulins are a family of secreted, glycosylated peptides that are cleaved from a single precursor protein with 7.5 repeats of a highly conserved 12-cysteine granulin/epithelin motif. The 88 kDa precursor protein, progranulin, is also called proepithelin and PC cell-derived growth factor. Cleavage of the signal peptide produces mature granulin which can be further cleaved into a variety of active, 6 kDa peptides. These smaller cleavage products are named granulin A, granulin B, granulin C, etc. Epithelins 1 and 2 are synonymous with granulins A and B, respectively. Both the peptides and intact granulin protein regulate cell growth. However, different members of the granulin protein family may act as inhibitors, stimulators, or have dual actions on cell growth. Granulin family members are important in normal development, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 22 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: Splicing scoreres supports a deletorius effect: Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.
• PP5: Variant 17-44351035-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-44351035-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 98150.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr17-44351035-A-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
GRN	NM_002087.4	c.709-2A>G		splice_acceptor_variant		ENST00000053867.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GRN	ENST00000053867.8	c.709-2A>G		splice_acceptor_variant		1	NM_002087.4	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:5 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

GRN-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Institute of Human Genetics Munich, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, TU München	Jun 07, 2019	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Apr 01, 2008	- -

not provided Pathogenic:1 Other:1

not provided, no classification provided	literature only	VIB Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Antwerp	-	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Institute of Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University Hospital Tübingen	Oct 23, 2020	- -

GRN-related frontotemporal lobar degeneration with Tdp43 inclusions;C3539123:Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 11 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Dec 09, 2023

This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 7 of the GRN gene. RNA analysis indicates that disruption of this splice site induces altered splicing and may result in an absent or disrupted protein product. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individuals with frontotemporal dementia (PMID: 17202431, 17439980, 18183624). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is also known as g.5913A>G and IVS6–2A>G. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 98150). Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site results in skipping of exon 8 and introduces a premature termination codon (PMID: 17439980, 18183624). The resulting mRNA is expected to undergo nonsense-mediated decay. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Primary progressive aphasia Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Sep 11, 2007

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.050
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.86
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.65
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.73	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
GERP RS		4.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		1.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.64		Position offset: 42
DS_AL_spliceai		1.0		Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs63750548; hg19: chr17-42428403;