2-214809415-C-T

Variant names:

• chr2-214809415-C-T
• rs574257684
• NM_000465.4:c.155G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 4P and 1B. PM1 PM2 BP4

The NM_000465.4(BARD1):​c.155G>A​(p.Arg52His) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,460,134 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R52P) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 34)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: BARD1 NM_000465.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.03
• Publications: 2 publications found

Genes affected

BARD1 (HGNC:952): (BRCA1 associated RING domain 1) This gene encodes a protein which interacts with the N-terminal region of BRCA1. In addition to its ability to bind BRCA1 in vivo and in vitro, it shares homology with the 2 most conserved regions of BRCA1: the N-terminal RING motif and the C-terminal BRCT domain. The RING motif is a cysteine-rich sequence found in a variety of proteins that regulate cell growth, including the products of tumor suppressor genes and dominant protooncogenes. This protein also contains 3 tandem ankyrin repeats. The BARD1/BRCA1 interaction is disrupted by tumorigenic amino acid substitutions in BRCA1, implying that the formation of a stable complex between these proteins may be an essential aspect of BRCA1 tumor suppression. This protein may be the target of oncogenic mutations in breast or ovarian cancer. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2013]

SNHG31 (HGNC:54196): (small nucleolar RNA host gene 31)

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 42 uncertain in NM_000465.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.3474983).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
BARD1	NM_000465.4	c.155G>A	p.Arg52His	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 11	ENST00000260947.9	NP_000456.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
BARD1	ENST00000260947.9	c.155G>A	p.Arg52His	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 11	1	NM_000465.4	ENSP00000260947.4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 34

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.00000825 AC: 2 AN: 242408 AF XY: 0.00

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000291

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1460134 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 76 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 726404

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33472

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44688

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26074

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39666

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86198

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52104

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1111810

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60356

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 34

ExAC AF: 0.00000834 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2

Jan 29, 2021

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.R52H variant (also known as c.155G>A), located in coding exon 1 of the BARD1 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 155. The arginine at codon 52 is replaced by histidine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Jan 16, 2020

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces arginine with histidine at codon 52 of the BARD1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). Splice site prediction tools suggest that this variant may not impact RNA splicing. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been performed for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with breast cancer (PMID: 31871109). This variant has been identified in 2/242408 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

not specified Uncertain:1

Jun 15, 2021

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

DNA sequence analysis of the BARD1 gene demonstrated a sequence change, c.155G>A, in exon 1 that results in an amino acid change, p.Arg52His. This sequence change has been described in the gnomAD database with a frequency of 0.0033% in the South Asian subpopulation (dbSNP rs574257684). The p.Arg52His change affects a poorly conserved amino acid residue located in a domain of the BARD1 protein that is known to be functional. In-silico pathogenicity prediction tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2, Align GVGD, REVEL) provide contradictory results for the p.Arg52His substitution. This sequence change has been reported in an individual with a history of breast cancer who underwent germline genetic testing (PMID: 31871109). Due insufficient evidences and the lack of functional studies, the clinical significance of the p.Arg52His change remains unknown at this time -

not provided Uncertain:1

Feb 05, 2024

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 18480049, 31871109) -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Jul 24, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with histidine, which is basic and polar, at codon 52 of the BARD1 protein (p.Arg52His). The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with breast cancer (PMID: 31871109). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 530045). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.34
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	0.0065	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.23
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.14	T;.;.;.;T;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.26
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.22
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.49	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.93	D;D;D;D;D;D;.
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.89	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.34	T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.091	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	-0.14	N;.;N;.;.;N;.
PhyloP100		2.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.65	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.3	N;.;.;.;.;.;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.41
Sift	Uncertain	0.0090	D;.;.;.;.;.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D;T;D;T;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.99	D;.;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.52
MutPred		0.44		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.0235);
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.35
ClinPred		0.58	D
GERP RS		3.1
PromoterAI		0.011	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.51
gMVP		0.47
Mutation Taster		=75/25	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs574257684; hg19: chr2-215674139;