NM_000152.5:c.862G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM1PP2PP3

The NM_000152.5(GAA):c.862G>A(p.Gly288Ser) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000496 in 1,611,450 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/24 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G288D) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000072 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000047 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GAA
NM_000152.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:6

Conservation

PhyloP100: 0.185

Publications

5 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

GAA (HGNC:4065): (alpha glucosidase) This gene encodes lysosomal alpha-glucosidase, which is essential for the degradation of glycogen to glucose in lysosomes. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate multiple intermediate forms and the mature form of the enzyme. Defects in this gene are the cause of glycogen storage disease II, also known as Pompe's disease, which is an autosomal recessive disorder with a broad clinical spectrum. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2016]

GAA Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

glycogen storage disease II
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, ClinGen, G2P
glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, late-onset
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

GAA links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 11 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 13 uncertain in NM_000152.5

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 201 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 50 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.63308 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: -0.32889 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, infantile onset, glycogen storage disease II, glycogen storage disease due to acid maltase deficiency, late-onset.

PP3

Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GAA	NM_000152.5 link	c.862G>A	p.Gly288Ser	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 20	ENST00000302262.8	NP_000143.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GAA	ENST00000302262.8 link	c.862G>A	p.Gly288Ser	missense_variant	Exon 5 of 20	1	NM_000152.5	ENSP00000305692.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000723

AC:

AN:

152134

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000724

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000578

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000573

AC:

AN:

244268

AF XY:

0.0000676

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000641

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000293

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000555

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000183

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000473

AC:

AN:

1459198

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000537

AC XY:

AN XY:

725896

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33460

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000225

AC:

AN:

44516

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26068

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000681

AC:

AN:

39630

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000348

AC:

AN:

86112

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

52142

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5636

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000315

AC:

AN:

1111402

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000498

AC:

AN:

60232

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.485

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000722

AC:

AN:

152252

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000672

AC XY:

AN XY:

74448

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000722

AC:

AN:

41542

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000654

AC:

AN:

15302

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000580

AC:

AN:

5174

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4830

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10616

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

292

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000588

AC:

AN:

68000

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.461

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000682

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000604

ExAC

AF:

0.0000660

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Glycogen storage disease, type II

Uncertain:4

Oct 28, 2019

Natera, Inc.

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Dec 30, 2021

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Dec 09, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with serine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 288 of the GAA protein (p.Gly288Ser). This variant is present in population databases (rs200125735, gnomAD 0.05%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with a positive newborn screening result for GAA-related disease (PMID: 33202836). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 456441). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt GAA protein function with a negative predictive value of 95%. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Jul 17, 2023

Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.4, this variant is classified as VUS-3A. Following criteria are met: 0102 - Loss of function is a known mechanism of disease in this gene and is associated with glycogen storage disease II (MIM#232300). (I) 0106 - This gene is associated with autosomal recessive disease. (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from glycine to serine. (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0304 - Variant is present in gnomAD (v2) <0.01 for a recessive condition (18 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (SP) 0309 - An alternative amino acid change at the same position has been observed in gnomAD (v2) (5 heterozygotes, 0 homozygotes). (I) 0503 - Missense variant consistently predicted to be tolerated by multiple in silico tools or not conserved in placental mammals with a minor amino acid change. (SB) 0600 - Variant is located in the annotated galactose mutarotase-like (DECIPHER). (I) 0705 - No comparable missense variants have previous evidence for pathogenicity. (I) 0809 - Previous evidence of pathogenicity for this variant is inconclusive. This variant has been reported as a VUS (ClinVar). It has also been observed in a newborn with late-onset Pompe disease. This newborn was also reported to have a known pathogenic variant in the GAA gene; however, the phase was unknown (PMID: 33202836). (I) 0905 - No published segregation evidence has been identified for this variant. (I) 1002 - This variant has moderate functional evidence supporting abnormal protein function. Metabolic analysis of a newborn with late-onset Pompe disease harbouring this variant and a known pathogenic GAA variant found they had reduced GAA enzyme activity (PMID: 33202836). (SP) 1201 - Heterozygous variant detected in trans with a second pathogenic heterozygous variant [deletion of exon 15 of 20)] in a recessive disease. (SP) 1206 - This variant has been shown to be paternally inherited (by trio analysis). (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign

not provided

Uncertain:2

Nov 01, 2021

Revvity Omics, Revvity

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Mar 01, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Reported in a patient with suspected late onset Pompe disease (PMID: 33202836); In silico analysis supports a deleterious effect on splicing; In silico analysis indicates that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 19343043, 22253258, 33202836)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.071

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.43

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.72

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.44

T;T

Eigen

Benign

-1.5

Eigen_PC

Benign

-1.5

FATHMM_MKL

Benign

0.085

LIST_S2

Benign

0.0

.;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.10

MetaRNN

Benign

0.037

T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.86

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.2

L;L

PhyloP100

0.18

PrimateAI

Benign

0.27

PROVEAN

Benign

0.48

N;N

REVEL

Benign

0.087

Sift

Benign

0.55

T;T

Sift4G

Benign

0.60

T;T

Vest4

0.16

ClinPred

0.010

GERP RS

-3.1

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Varity_R

0.16

gMVP

0.49

Mutation Taster

=95/5

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.75

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_AG_spliceai

0.75

Position offset: 2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over