NM_000162.5:c.1173C>A

Variant names:

• chr7-44145577-G-T
• rs1554334579
• NM_000162.5:c.1173C>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points: 13P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000162.5(GCK):​c.1173C>A​(p.Asn391Lys) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely risk allele (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: GCK NM_000162.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic/Likely risk allele criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.10

Genes affected

GCK (HGNC:4195): (glucokinase) This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 13 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a helix (size 35) in uniprot entity HXK4_HUMAN there are 17 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_000162.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.753
• PP5: Variant 7-44145577-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-44145577-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_risk_allele]. Clinvar id is 435299.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=1, Likely_risk_allele=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GCK	NM_000162.5	c.1173C>A	p.Asn391Lys	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10	ENST00000403799.8	NP_000153.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GCK	ENST00000403799.8	c.1173C>A	p.Asn391Lys	missense_variant	Exon 9 of 10	1	NM_000162.5	ENSP00000384247.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1450608 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 721238

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic/Likely risk allele

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 Pathogenic:1

Feb 15, 2017

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Maturity onset diabetes mellitus in young Pathogenic:1

-

Clinical Genomics, Uppaluri K&H Personalized Medicine Clinic

Significance: Likely risk allele

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: research

Potent mutations in GCK gene is associated with poor secretion of insulin. Its associated with milder forms of diabetes, which can be controlled by diet . However, there is no sufficient evidence to ascertain the significance of rs1554334579 in MODY, yet. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.48
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.14	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.030
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.27	.;T;D;.;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.023
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.078
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.79	T;T;T;.;T;T
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.52	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.75	D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.62	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.96	.;.;L;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.78	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.9	.;N;N;N;N;N
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.66
Sift	Benign	0.11	.;T;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Benign	0.22	T;D;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;.;D;D;P;P
Vest4		0.77
MutPred		0.56		.;.;Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0243);.;.;.;
MVP		0.95
MPC		2.3
ClinPred		0.91	D
GERP RS		3.8
Varity_R		0.61
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1554334579; hg19: chr7-44185176;