NM_000162.5:c.1324G>A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1PP3_ModeratePP5

The NM_000162.5(GCK):c.1324G>A(p.Glu442Lys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000013 in 1,611,938 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000013 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

GCK
NM_000162.5 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:2U:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 4.63

Variant links:

Genes affected

GCK (HGNC:4195): (glucokinase) This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

GCK links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

PM1

In a region_of_interest Hexokinase large subdomain (size 239) in uniprot entity HXK4_HUMAN there are 61 pathogenic changes around while only 2 benign (97%) in NM_000162.5

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.896

PP5

Variant 7-44145210-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-44145210-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 521398.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=2, Uncertain_significance=1}.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GCK	NM_000162.5 link	c.1324G>A	p.Glu442Lys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	ENST00000403799.8	NP_000153.1	P35557-1Q53Y25

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GCK	ENST00000403799.8 link	c.1324G>A	p.Glu442Lys	missense_variant	Exon 10 of 10	1	NM_000162.5	ENSP00000384247.3		P35557-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152238

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000287

AC:

AN:

243582

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000151

AC XY:

AN XY:

132744

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000149

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000183

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000335

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000130

AC:

AN:

1459700

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000826

AC XY:

AN XY:

726160

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.000154

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000810

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000332

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000131

AC:

AN:

152238

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000134

AC XY:

AN XY:

74382

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000324

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000151

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.0000545

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000594

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Inborn genetic diseases

Pathogenic:1

Nov 29, 2016

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus

Pathogenic:1

Feb 05, 2022

DASA

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.1324G>A;p.(Glu442Lys) missense variant has been observed in affected individual(s) and ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (PMID: 28247534; 27188453; 19884385) - PS4. The variant is present at low allele frequencies population databases (rs758737171 – gnomAD 0.0001314%; ABraOM no frequency - http://abraom.ib.usp.br/) - PM2_supporting. The variant co-segregated with disease in multiple affected family members (PP1: 19884385) - PP1. Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene or gene product - PP3. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is likely pathogenic. -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Feb 08, 2019

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change alters GCK activity in vitro (PMID: 19884385, 21831042). This variant has been reported in individuals affected with hypoglycemia (PMID: 19884385, 27188453). This variant is present in population databases (rs758737171, ExAC 0.003%). This sequence change replaces glutamic acid with lysine at codon 442 of the GCK protein (p.Glu442Lys). The glutamic acid residue is highly conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between glutamic acid and lysine. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.24

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.44

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.42

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.51

.;D;D;.;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.22

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.33

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.95

D;D;D;.;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.59

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.90

D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.0

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.4

.;.;L;.;.;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.74

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.8

.;D;D;D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.83

Sift

Uncertain

0.020

.;D;D;D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.012

D;D;D;D;D;D

Polyphen

0.49

P;.;D;P;B;P

Vest4

0.83

MVP

0.89

MPC

1.5

ClinPred

0.91

GERP RS

5.0

Varity_R

0.77

gMVP

0.94

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over