NM_000162.5:c.941T>G

Variant names:

• chr7-44146541-A-C
• NM_000162.5:c.941T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_000162.5(GCK):​c.941T>G​(p.Leu314Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: GCK NM_000162.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.16

Genes affected

GCK (HGNC:4195): (glucokinase) This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a region_of_interest Hexokinase large subdomain (size 239) in uniprot entity HXK4_HUMAN there are 61 pathogenic changes around while only 2 benign (97%) in NM_000162.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.948
• PP5: Variant 7-44146541-A-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr7-44146541-A-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1679546.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GCK	NM_000162.5	c.941T>G	p.Leu314Arg	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 10	ENST00000403799.8	NP_000153.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GCK	ENST00000403799.8	c.941T>G	p.Leu314Arg	missense_variant	Exon 8 of 10	1	NM_000162.5	ENSP00000384247.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2 Pathogenic:1

-

National Newborn Screening Laboratory, Hospital Nacional de Niños

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This is a missense variant located within exon 8 and generates a change from the aminoacid Leucine to Arginine in position 314. It is located in a mutational hot spot (PM1). It is not present in population databases (GnomAD exomes, GnomAD genomes) (PM2). It is a missense change at an amino acid residue where a different missense change determined to be pathogenic (c.941T>C) (PM5). Multiple lines of computational evidence support a deleterious effect on the gene (PP3). Missense variant in a gene that has a low rate of benign missense variation for which missense variants are a common mechanism of a disease (PP2). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.55
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.54	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.54
CADD	Pathogenic	30
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.92	.;D;.;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.62
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.54
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.96	D;D;.;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.89	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.95	D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.8	.;M;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.5	.;D;D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.94
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	.;D;D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.019	D;D;D;D;D
Polyphen		0.98	D;D;D;P;.
Vest4		0.93
MutPred		0.72		.;Loss of stability (P = 0.0111);.;.;.;
MVP		0.99
MPC		2.2
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.8
Varity_R		0.97
gMVP		1.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.010		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr7-44186140;