NM_000251.3:c.1730T>C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points: 1P and 8B. PP3BP6_Very_Strong

The NM_000251.3(MSH2):c.1730T>C(p.Ile577Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000215 in 1,564,106 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00016 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00022 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MSH2
NM_000251.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Likely benign reviewed by expert panel U:8B:16

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.38

Variant links:

Genes affected

MSH2 (HGNC:7325): (mutS homolog 2) This locus is frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). When cloned, it was discovered to be a human homolog of the E. coli mismatch repair gene mutS, consistent with the characteristic alterations in microsatellite sequences (RER+ phenotype) found in HNPCC. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

MSH2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.84

BP6

Variant 2-47471033-T-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr2-47471033-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Likely_benign]. Clinvar id is 41644.Status of the report is reviewed_by_expert_panel, 3 stars. Variant chr2-47471033-T-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MSH2	NM_000251.3 link	c.1730T>C	p.Ile577Thr	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 16	ENST00000233146.7	NP_000242.1	P43246-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MSH2	ENST00000233146.7 link	c.1730T>C	p.Ile577Thr	missense_variant	Exon 11 of 16	1	NM_000251.3	ENSP00000233146.2		P43246-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000164

AC:

AN:

152210

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000139

AC:

AN:

250898

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000177

AC XY:

AN XY:

135694

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000620

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000282

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000164

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000221

AC:

312

AN:

1411896

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000203

AC XY:

143

AN XY:

705500

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000308

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000448

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000282

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000136

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000164

AC:

AN:

152210

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000108

AC XY:

AN XY:

74366

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000965

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000294

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000269

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000196

TwinsUK

AF:

0.000809

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000519

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000349

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000132

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000327

EpiControl

AF:

0.00

ClinVar

Significance: Likely benign

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8Benign:16

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:3Benign:6

Jul 13, 2012

Biesecker Lab/Clinical Genomics Section, National Institutes of Health

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Clinical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The MSH2 p.Ile577Thr variant was identified in 6 of 1950 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.003) from individuals or families with endometrial, colorectal, and ovarian cancer (Hampel 2006, Limburg 2011, South 2009, Spaepen 2006, Walsh 2011), and was present in 1 of 1142 control chromosomes (frequency: 0.0009) from healthy individuals (Johnston 2012). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs63749910) as â€šÃ„ÃºWith Uncertain significance alleleâ€šÃ„Ã¹, ClinVar (as likely benign, reviewed by expert panel and Ambry Genetics, and as uncertain significance by GeneDx, Invitae, Knight Diagnostics, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Quest Diagnostics, Integrated Genetics, and Biesecker Lab), Clinvitae (6x), UMD-LSDB (1x as uncertain significance), Insight Colon Cancer Gene Variant Database (5x as "class 2 likely not pathogenic"), and Mismatch Repair Genes Variant Database (1x). The variant was not identified in COGR, Cosmic, MutDB, or Zhejiang University Database. The variant was identified in control databases in 41 of 276890 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0001 (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). The variant was observed in the following populations: African in 2 of 24008 chromosomes (freq: 0.00008), Other in 1 of 6458 chromosomes (freq: 0.0002), Latino in 1 of 34416 chromosomes (freq: 0.00003), and European (Non-Finnish) in 37 of 126452 chromosomes (freq: 0.0003); it was not observed in the Ashkenazi Jewish, East Asian, Finnish, and South Asian populations. One study reported the variant was found to co-occur with a pathogenic MUTYH variant: c.36+1G>A (Niessen 2006). The p.Ile577 residue is conserved in mammals but not in more distantly related organisms, and computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) suggest that the variant may impact the protein; however, this information is not predictive enough to assume pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) do not predict a difference in splicing. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Oct 23, 2023

ARUP Laboratories, Molecular Genetics and Genomics, ARUP Laboratories

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jul 06, 2020

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 27958275, 22703879, 16636019, 19117025, 22006311, 16736289, 16885385, 21056691, 25871441, 16408224, 26878173, 26182300) -

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 18, 2020

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not specified

Uncertain:2Benign:2

Mar 07, 2021

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: MSH2 c.1730T>C (p.Ile577Thr) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the DNA mismatch repair protein MutS, core domain (IPR007696) of the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00015 in 251570 control chromosomes, predominantly at a frequency of 0.00028 within the Non-Finnish European subpopulation in the gnomAD database. This frequency is not significantly higher than expected for a pathogenic variant in MSH2 causing Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer (0.00015 vs 0.00057), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.1730T>C has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with colorectal cancer, endometrial cancer, ovarian cancer and hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (Spaepen_2006, Niessen_2006, Limburg_2011, Hampel_2006, South_2009, Hansford_2015) without strong evidence of causality. Many of these tumors show normal MSH2 expression by immunohistochemistry. In one patient absence of MLH1 (but normal expression of MSH2) protein was seen together with methylation of MLH1 promoter region suggestive of an alternative etiology and molecular basis of disease in this patient (Hampel_2006). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer/Lynch syndrome. At-least two co-occurrences with other pathogenic variant(s) have been reported in the literature and also observed at our laboratory ( MUTYH c.36+1G>A, Niessen_2006; BRCA1 c.3005delA , p.Asn1002fsX22 at our laboratory), providing supporting evidence for a benign role. A study that computed a tumor characteristic likelihood ratio (TCLR) in combination with in-silico predictors and multifactorial variant prediction (MVP) model including allele frequency, co-occurrence, co-segregation, clinical and family history information classified this variant a benign (Li_2020). To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Nine clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. Multiple laboratories reported the variant with conflicting assessments (likely benign/benign, n=4; VUS, n=5). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as benign. -

Dec 16, 2019

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

DNA sequence analysis of the MSH2 gene demonstrated a sequence change, c.1730T>C, in exon 11 that results in an amino acid change, p.Ile577Thr. This sequence change has been described previously in individuals with colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer or adenocarcinoma of the endometrium (PMID: 21056691, PMID: 19117025, PMID: 16885385, PMID: 16736289). It has been described in the gnomAD database with a low population frequency of 0.029% in non-Finnish European subpopulation (dbSNP rs63749910). The p.Ile577Thr change affects a moderately conserved amino acid residue located in a domain of the MSH2 protein that is known to be functional. The p.Ile577Thr substitution appears to be deleterious using several in-silico pathogenicity prediction tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2, Align GVGD, REVEL). Due to these evidences and the lack of functional studies, the clinical significance of the p.Ile577Thr change remains unknown at this time. -

Jan 25, 2017

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant identified in a genome or exome case(s) and assessed due to predicted null impact of the variant or pathogenic assertions in the literature or databases. Disclaimer: This variant has not undergone full assessment. The following are preliminary notes: Classified within the last year. This variant has been reported in 1 indidivual who did not have cancer, and 1 individual with CRC. The variant has a Max MAF of 0.02% in ExAC (14 alleles) and 0.03% in gnomAD (38 alleles). It is classified with 3 stars in ClinVar as Likely benign by an expert panel (InSiGHT) and Ambry, and VUS by GeneDx, Invitae, and Biesecker lab. -

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Lynch syndrome 1

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Dec 10, 2024

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 27363726]. -

Mar 30, 2016

Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health and Sciences University

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

May 16, 2019

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). Publications were found based on this search. However, the evidence from the literature, in combination with allele frequency data from public databases where available, was not sufficient to rule this variant in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Jun 19, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Sep 20, 2018

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Jan 02, 2022

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer

Uncertain:1

Mar 02, 2021

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

MSH2-related disorder

Benign:1

May 12, 2021

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

Benign:1

Aug 22, 2023

Mendelics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Lynch syndrome

Benign:1

Sep 05, 2013

International Society for Gastrointestinal Hereditary Tumours (InSiGHT)

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method: research

Multifactorial likelihood analysis posterior probability 0.001-0.049 -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Jan 28, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.89

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.25

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.43

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.81

D;.;.;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.74

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.75

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.98

D;D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.29

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.84

D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

0.85

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.7

M;.;.;.

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.68

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.6

D;D;.;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.93

Sift

Uncertain

0.0030

D;D;.;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0070

D;D;.;D

Polyphen

0.92

P;.;.;P

Vest4

0.94

MVP

0.98

MPC

0.016

ClinPred

0.45

GERP RS

5.9

Varity_R

0.69

gMVP

0.74

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over