NM_000350.3:c.45G>T

Variant names:

• chr1-94121001-C-A
• rs62645957
• NM_000350.3:c.45G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points: 7P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_000350.3(ABCA4):​c.45G>T​(p.Trp15Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000686 in 1,456,862 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.9e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: ABCA4 NM_000350.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.05
• Publications: 5 publications found

Genes affected

ABCA4 (HGNC:34): (ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 4) The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intracellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the ABC1 subfamily. Members of the ABC1 subfamily comprise the only major ABC subfamily found exclusively in multicellular eukaryotes. This protein is a retina-specific ABC transporter with N-retinylidene-PE as a substrate. It is expressed exclusively in retina photoreceptor cells, and the gene product mediates transport of an essental molecule, all-trans-retinal aldehyde (atRAL), across the photoreceptor cell membrane. Mutations in this gene are found in patients diagnosed with Stargardt disease, a form of juvenile-onset macular degeneration. Mutations in this gene are also associated with retinitis pigmentosa-19, cone-rod dystrophy type 3, early-onset severe retinal dystrophy, fundus flavimaculatus, and macular degeneration age-related 2. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2019]

ABCA4 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• ABCA4-related retinopathy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• cone-rod dystrophy 3

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• retinitis pigmentosa 19

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• cone-rod dystrophy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• retinitis pigmentosa

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Stargardt disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 7 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 9 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_000350.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 578 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 28 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: -0.65813 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.3628 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to cone-rod dystrophy 3, retinitis pigmentosa 19, ABCA4-related retinopathy, severe early-childhood-onset retinal dystrophy, cone-rod dystrophy, Stargardt disease, retinitis pigmentosa.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.886

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000350.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ABCA4	NM_000350.3	MANE Select	c.45G>T	p.Trp15Cys	missense	Exon 1 of 50	NP_000341.2
	ABCA4	NM_001425324.1		c.45G>T	p.Trp15Cys	missense	Exon 1 of 49	NP_001412253.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ABCA4	ENST00000370225.4	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.45G>T	p.Trp15Cys	missense	Exon 1 of 50	ENSP00000359245.3
	ABCA4	ENST00000649773.1		c.45G>T	p.Trp15Cys	missense	Exon 1 of 19	ENSP00000496882.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.86e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1456862 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 724754

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33330

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44530

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25920

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39360

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86226

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52964

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5732

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.02e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1108748

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60052

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.54
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.49	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.47
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.81	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.84
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.56	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.89	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.0	M
PhyloP100		7.0
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.82	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.7	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.85
Sift	Uncertain	0.0050	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0040	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.81
MutPred		0.61		Loss of ubiquitination at K13 (P = 0.0661)
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.14
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		5.1
PromoterAI		-0.075	Neutral
Varity_R		0.34
gMVP		0.86
Mutation Taster		=14/86	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs62645957; hg19: chr1-94586557;