NM_000518.5:c.93-1G>A

Variant names:

• chr11-5226800-C-T
• rs33943001
• NM_000518.5:c.93-1G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000518.5(HBB):​c.93-1G>A variant causes a splice acceptor, intron change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: HBB NM_000518.5 splice_acceptor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9999
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.37

Genes affected

HBB (HGNC:4827): (hemoglobin subunit beta) The alpha (HBA) and beta (HBB) loci determine the structure of the 2 types of polypeptide chains in adult hemoglobin, Hb A. The normal adult hemoglobin tetramer consists of two alpha chains and two beta chains. Mutant beta globin causes sickle cell anemia. Absence of beta chain causes beta-zero-thalassemia. Reduced amounts of detectable beta globin causes beta-plus-thalassemia. The order of the genes in the beta-globin cluster is 5'-epsilon -- gamma-G -- gamma-A -- delta -- beta--3'. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 4.5, offset of 1, new splice context is: tctattttcccacccttaAGctg. Cryptic site results in frameshift change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 11-5226800-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr11-5226800-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 15446.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr11-5226800-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
HBB	NM_000518.5	c.93-1G>A		splice_acceptor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 1 of 2	ENST00000335295.4	NP_000509.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
HBB	ENST00000335295.4	c.93-1G>A		splice_acceptor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 1 of 2	1	NM_000518.5	ENSP00000333994.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 35

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

beta Thalassemia Pathogenic:3

Nov 25, 2019

The ITHANET community portal, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: curation

- -

Apr 27, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: HBB c.93-1G>A is located in a canonical splice-site and is predicted to affect mRNA splicing resulting in a significantly altered protein due to either exon skipping, shortening, or inclusion of intronic material. Several computational tools predict a significant impact on normal splicing: One predict the variant abolishes a 3' acceptor site. Three predict the variant weakens a 3' acceptor site. The variant was absent in 251326 control chromosomes. c.93-1G>A has been reported in the literature in multiple individuals affected with Beta Thalassemia (Tadmouri_2000, Deidda_1990, Edison_2008, Bilgen_2011). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 2283297, 18294253, 21333566, 10706767). Four clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. All laboratories classified the variant as pathogenic/likely pathogenic. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as pathogenic. -

Mar 17, 2017

Natera, Inc.

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided Pathogenic:2

Jan 31, 2023

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant disrupts a canonical splice-acceptor site and interferes with normal HBB mRNA splicing. This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). In the published literature, the variant has been reported in individuals with beta thalassemia major who were compound heterozygous with another pathogenic HBB variant (PMID: 2283297 (1990) and 10706767 (2000)). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -

Apr 06, 2021

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may disrupt the consensus splice site, but this prediction has not been confirmed by published transcriptional studies. This variant has been observed in individual(s) with autosomal recessive beta-thalassemia (PMID: 2283297, 10706767, 15008262, 18294253). This variant is also known as IVS-I-130 (G-A). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 15446). This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This sequence change affects an acceptor splice site in intron 1 of the HBB gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in HBB are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 23637309). -

Beta zero thalassemia Pathogenic:1

May 01, 2000

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Hb SS disease;C0019025:Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin;C0700299:Heinz body anemia;C1840779:METHEMOGLOBINEMIA, BETA TYPE;C1858990:Dominant beta-thalassemia;C1970028:Malaria, susceptibility to;C4693822:Erythrocytosis, familial, 6;CN322236:Beta-thalassemia HBB/LCRB Pathogenic:1

May 15, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.60	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.28
CADD	Pathogenic	35
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	1.1
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.90
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
GERP RS		5.1

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.94
SpliceAI score (max)		0.99		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_AG_spliceai		0.90		Position offset: -2
DS_AL_spliceai		0.99		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs33943001; hg19: chr11-5248030; COSMIC: COSV58942184; COSMIC: COSV58942184;