NM_001166114.2:c.4060C>G

Variant names:

• chr19-7561524-C-G
• rs150392453
• NM_001166114.2:c.4060C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points: 5P and 4B. PM1 PM2 PP2 BP4_Strong

The NM_001166114.2(PNPLA6):​c.4060C>G​(p.Leu1354Val) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000103 in 1,456,536 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 15/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. L1354L) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000010 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PNPLA6 NM_001166114.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -1.66
• Publications: 1 publications found

Genes affected

PNPLA6 (HGNC:16268): (patatin like phospholipase domain containing 6) This gene encodes a phospholipase that deacetylates intracellular phosphatidylcholine to produce glycerophosphocholine. It is thought to function in neurite outgrowth and process elongation during neuronal differentiation. The protein is anchored to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum in both neurons and non-neuronal cells. Mutations in this gene result in autosomal recessive spastic paraplegia, and the protein is the target for neurodegeneration induced by organophosphorus compounds and chemical warfare agents. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2009]

PNPLA6 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet
• PNPLA6-related spastic paraplegia with or without ataxia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• retinal dystrophy-ataxia-pituitary hormone abnormality-hypogonadism syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• hereditary spastic paraplegia 39

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet
• cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Laurence-Moon syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 3 benign, 8 uncertain in NM_001166114.2
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in the PNPLA6 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 29 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 7 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 4.3547 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.5139 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to retinal dystrophy-ataxia-pituitary hormone abnormality-hypogonadism syndrome, cerebellar ataxia-hypogonadism syndrome, PNPLA6-related spastic paraplegia with or without ataxia, ataxia-hypogonadism-choroidal dystrophy syndrome, trichomegaly-retina pigmentary degeneration-dwarfism syndrome, hereditary spastic paraplegia 39, Laurence-Moon syndrome.
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.037819624).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PNPLA6	NM_001166114.2	c.4060C>G	p.Leu1354Val	missense_variant	Exon 32 of 32	ENST00000600737.6	NP_001159586.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PNPLA6	ENST00000600737.6	c.4060C>G	p.Leu1354Val	missense_variant	Exon 32 of 32	1	NM_001166114.2	ENSP00000473211.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000127 AC: 3 AN: 236928 AF XY: 0.0000233

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000944

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000103 AC: 15 AN: 1456536 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000138 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 724046

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33400

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44216

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25984

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39522

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.000129 AC: 11 AN: 85236

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 52438

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.000191 AC: 1 AN: 5248

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1110414

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000166 AC: 1 AN: 60078

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Apr 11, 2022

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Hereditary spastic paraplegia 39 Uncertain:1

Jul 15, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, with valine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 1316 of the PNPLA6 protein (p.Leu1316Val). This variant is present in population databases (rs150392453, gnomAD 0.007%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PNPLA6-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 999726). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt PNPLA6 protein function with a negative predictive value of 95%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.060
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.48	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.74
CADD	Benign	0.61
DANN	Benign	0.73
Eigen	Benign	-1.7
Eigen_PC	Benign	-1.8
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.0079	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.67	.;T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.030	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.038	T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.93	T
PhyloP100		-1.7
PrimateAI	Benign	0.29	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.32	N;N;N;N;.
REVEL	Benign	0.0060
Sift	Benign	0.18	T;T;T;T;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.76	T;T;T;T;T
Polyphen		0.0010	B;.;.;B;.
Vest4		0.029
MVP		0.11
MPC		0.93
ClinPred		0.048	T
GERP RS		-8.7
Varity_R		0.021
gMVP		0.11
Mutation Taster		=96/4	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs150392453; hg19: chr19-7626410;