NM_001184880.2:c.571G>C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points: 3P and 4B. PM1PP2BS2

The NM_001184880.2(PCDH19):c.571G>C(p.Val191Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000828 in 1,207,445 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. There are 3 hemizygotes in GnomAD. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V191M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000018 ( 0 hom., 1 hem., cov: 25)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000073 ( 0 hom. 2 hem. )

Consequence

PCDH19
NM_001184880.2 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 6.17

Publications

7 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PCDH19 (HGNC:14270): (protocadherin 19) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the delta-2 protocadherin subclass of the cadherin superfamily. The encoded protein is thought to be a calcium-dependent cell-adhesion protein that is primarily expressed in the brain. Mutations in this gene on human chromosome X are associated with sporadic infantile epileptic encephalopathy and to a female-restricted form of epilepsy (EFMR; also known as PCDH19RE). Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2017]

PCDH19 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 9
Inheritance: XL, Unknown Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
X-linked complex neurodevelopmental disorder
Inheritance: XL Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
Dravet syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

PCDH19 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -1 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 5 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 7 uncertain in NM_001184880.2

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 107 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 20 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.5929 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: NaN (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Dravet syndrome, developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 9, X-linked complex neurodevelopmental disorder.

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 8 AD,XL,Unknown gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDH19	NM_001184880.2 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 6	ENST00000373034.8	NP_001171809.1	Q8TAB3-1
PCDH19	NM_001105243.2 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 5		NP_001098713.1	Q8TAB3-2B3KU71
PCDH19	NM_020766.3 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 5		NP_065817.2	Q8TAB3-3B3KU71

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDH19	ENST00000373034.8 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 6	1	NM_001184880.2	ENSP00000362125.4	Q8TAB3-1
PCDH19	ENST00000255531.8 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 5	1		ENSP00000255531.7	Q8TAB3-2
PCDH19	ENST00000420881.6 link	c.571G>C	p.Val191Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 5	1		ENSP00000400327.2	Q8TAB3-3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000176

AC:

AN:

113348

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000320

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000187

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.00000562

AC:

AN:

177954

AF XY:

0.0000153

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0000810

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000731

AC:

AN:

1094097

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000553

AC XY:

AN XY:

361537

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000379

AC:

AN:

26401

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

35204

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

19386

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

30206

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

54146

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

36474

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4137

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000831

AC:

AN:

842070

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

46073

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.517

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000176

AC:

AN:

113348

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000282

AC XY:

AN XY:

35478

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000320

AC:

AN:

31239

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10876

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2660

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3568

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2795

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

6312

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

240

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000187

AC:

AN:

53435

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

1539

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.625

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000302

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1

Nov 08, 2024

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Reported previously in a patient with Dravet syndrome, abnormal EEG, diffuse mild atrophy on brain MRI, autism, and an IQ of 31; however, no segregation information was provided (PMID: 22050978); Published functional studies suggest that this variant negatively affects gene function and likely contributes to abnormal cell aggregation; however, further studies are needed (PMID: 34082468, 38516276); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 27787195, 38516276, 34082468, 22050978) -

Developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, 9

Uncertain:1

Sep 30, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 191 of the PCDH19 protein (p.Val191Leu). This variant is present in population databases (rs753757730, gnomAD 0.008%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with clinical features of developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (PMID: 22050978). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 533851). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed for this missense variant. However, the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on PCDH19 protein function. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects PCDH19 function (PMID: 34082468). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.45

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.17

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.19

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.24

.;T;.

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.92

D;D;D

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.13

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.70

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Benign

-0.59

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.7

L;L;L

PhyloP100

6.2

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.79

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.5

D;D;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.48

Sift

Uncertain

0.0030

D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0070

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0, 0.99

.;D;D

Vest4

0.79

MutPred

0.56

Loss of sheet (P = 0.0817);Loss of sheet (P = 0.0817);Loss of sheet (P = 0.0817);

MVP

0.91

MPC

2.3

ClinPred

0.53

GERP RS

5.8

Varity_R

0.86

gMVP

0.67

Mutation Taster

=2/98

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

You must be logged in to view publications. This limit was set because tens of millions (!) of queries from AI bots are generated daily.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over