NM_002880.4:c.1355C>T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points: 3P and 4B. PM1PP2BS2

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):c.1355C>T(p.Thr452Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000167 in 1,613,458 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000015 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RAF1
NM_002880.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3

Conservation

PhyloP100: 8.00

Variant links:

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RAF1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -1 ACMG points.

PM1

In a domain Protein kinase (size 260) in uniprot entity RAF1_HUMAN there are 6 pathogenic changes around while only 1 benign (86%) in NM_002880.4

PP2

Missense variant in the RAF1 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 47 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 39 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 2.4628 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 3.4185 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Noonan syndrome 5, dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Noonan syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, LEOPARD syndrome 2, Costello syndrome.

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 5 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4 link	c.1355C>T	p.Thr452Met	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 17	ENST00000251849.9	NP_002871.1	P04049-1L7RRS6

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9 link	c.1355C>T	p.Thr452Met	missense_variant	Exon 12 of 17	1	NM_002880.4	ENSP00000251849.4		P04049-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152184

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000621

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000358

AC:

AN:

251298

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000442

AC XY:

AN XY:

135814

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000116

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.000131

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000880

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000151

AC:

AN:

1461156

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000151

AC XY:

AN XY:

726926

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000894

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.000174

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152302

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000671

AC XY:

AN XY:

74470

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.000622

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000142

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000151

ExAC

AF:

0.0000576

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Uncertain:1

Nov 17, 2015

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The T452M variant has not been published as a pathogenic variant, nor has it been reported as a benign variant to our knowledge. The T452M variant is a non-conservative amino acid substitution, which is likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues differ in polarity, charge, size and/or other properties. This substitution occurs at a position that is conserved across species and in silico analysis predicts this variant is probably damaging to the protein structure/function. However, only one missense variant in a nearby residue (I448V) has been reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database in association with acute myeloid leukemia (Stenson et al., 2014), indicating that this region of the gene is not known to harbor many disease-causing variants. Furthermore, the 1000 Genomes Project reports T452M was observed in 3/978 (0.3%) alleles from individuals of South Asian ancestry, indicating it may be a rare (benign) variant in this population.Therefore, based on the currently available information, it is unclear whether this variant is pathogenic or rare benign. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Nov 12, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.T452M variant (also known as c.1355C>T), located in coding exon 11 of the RAF1 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 1355. The threonine at codon 452 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

RASopathy

Uncertain:1

Oct 20, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces threonine, which is neutral and polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 452 of the RAF1 protein (p.Thr452Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs555781462, gnomAD 0.01%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with RAF1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 372553). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RAF1 protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.54

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.53

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.91

D;.;D

Eigen

Uncertain

0.58

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.62

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.88

D;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.64

MetaRNN

Uncertain

0.72

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.12

N;.;.

PrimateAI

Pathogenic

0.83

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-5.5

D;D;D

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.89

Sift

Uncertain

0.0010

D;D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0070

D;D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.

Vest4

0.85

MutPred

0.68

Gain of catalytic residue at Q451 (P = 0.1677);.;.;

MVP

0.99

MPC

2.5

ClinPred

0.74

GERP RS

4.7

Varity_R

0.93

gMVP

0.82

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over